The Effects of Nitric Oxide Donor Molsidomine on Skeletal Muscle Damage in a Rat Hind Limb Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion

Abstract

Background: In this experimental study, we aimed to examine the protective effect of molsidomine (MS), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, against ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury in a rat skeletal muscle model. Methods: Ischemia was achieved by application of an elastic rubber band as high as possible on the left thigh of the rats. Group 1: the control group received a sham operation. Group 2: the I-R group received I-R injury to the left hind limbs. Group 3: the I-R/MS group underwent the same model of I-R injury and received MS. Group 4: the I-R/L-NAME (N-ω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester) group underwent the same model of I-R injury and received L-NAME, an inhibitor of NO synthase. Results: In groups 2 and 4, malondialdehyde increased significantly when compared to groups 1 and 3. Superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase increased significantly in group 3 compared to groups 2 and 4. The NO levels were significantly elevated in group 3 compared to groups 2 and 4. In addition, the histopathological score was considerably lower in group 3 than in group 4. The number of necrotic muscle fibers and infiltration of neutrophils were significantly reduced in the MS-treated group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that MS can exert a protective effect against skeletal muscle injury caused by I-R in the rats.

Muscle Derived Stem Cells Stimulate Muscle Myofiber Repair and Counteract Fat Infiltration in a Diabetic Mouse Model of Critical Limb Ischemia

“…Interestingly, follistatin-like-1 cDNA administration in a nondiabetic CLI mouse model promotes endothelial cell function and stimulates revascularization in response to ischemic insult through its ability to activate Akt-eNOS signaling [ 63 ]. Therefore, follistatin administration, or other antimyostatin approaches such as decorin, antibodies against myostatin, myostatin propeptide, or shRNA against myostatin [ 60 , 64 – 66 ] may be investigated as ancillary treatments to improve the effects of MDSC and other stem cell implantation for the treatment of CLI in T2D.…”

Measurement of Free Radicals Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy During Open Aorto-Iliac Arterial Reconstruction

“…Aortic cross-clamping during bypass grafting in patients with abdominal aorta aneurysms (AAA) leads to development of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Previous studies have shown that increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals, or hydrogen peroxide, plays a major role in cellular damage during post-ischemic reperfusion [ 1 , 2 ]. Free radicals can participate in reduction-oxidation reactions, initiate lipid oxidation, degrade nucleic acids and membrane proteins, and increase endothelial adhesion molecule synthesis.…”