1987
DOI: 10.1007/bf01160770
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The effects of nitrogen additions to a cobalt-chromium surgical implant alloy

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Cited by 34 publications
(11 citation statements)
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“…As mentioned above, this difference may be attributed to the stability of the different N implanted layer phases formed on the CoCrMo alloy surface under the implantation conditions implemented here. In the γ N phase (the N implanted layer phase for the specimen implanted at 400°C), N atoms occupy the interstitial sites in the fcc lattice and they have a stronger bond with Cr than with Co (cobalt acts only as inert matrix element in the γ N phase [21]). So, during in vitro exposure of the γ N phase layer, it is easier for Co to be released from the γ N phase.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As mentioned above, this difference may be attributed to the stability of the different N implanted layer phases formed on the CoCrMo alloy surface under the implantation conditions implemented here. In the γ N phase (the N implanted layer phase for the specimen implanted at 400°C), N atoms occupy the interstitial sites in the fcc lattice and they have a stronger bond with Cr than with Co (cobalt acts only as inert matrix element in the γ N phase [21]). So, during in vitro exposure of the γ N phase layer, it is easier for Co to be released from the γ N phase.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…13,14) It is also expected that the stability of the phase would be enhanced by N addition of Co-Cr-Mo alloys, considering the similarity in crystal structure and lattice parameter between Fe-Cr and Co-Cr systems; both alloy systems have the fcc structure at high temperatures and similar lattice parameters of approximately 0.357 to 0.360 nm. 15) Moreover, the main substitutional solid solution element for both alloys is Cr which affects the solubility and mobility of interstitial solute elements such as C and N atoms; Cr strongly increases solubility of N in Fe-Cr systems. 13) With regard to Co, Blossey and Pehlke indicated that the solubility of N increased with increasing Cr content up to 3 mass% although the solubility is merely 0.0048 mass% in pure Co at 1600 C and 101325 Pa. 16) Thus, it is expected that the phase of the Co-Cr-Mo alloy is stabilized by the N addition and controlling the Cr content.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A basic research conducted by Kliner et al has shown that considerable improvement in strength and ductility can be attained by adding N to Co-Cr-Mo alloys. 15,17) However, since they described the behavior of N coexisting with C, the combined effect of N and C can give rise to confusion in understanding whether or not the improvement in mechanical properties was brought about by a genuine N effect. Therefore, the aim of the present study is investigating the effect of the sole addition of N on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the C-free Co-Cr-Mo alloys with various Cr contents.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since the M 2 X type precipitate was not formed in the Co-Cr-Mo-C and Co-Cr-Mo-C-Si-Mn [5] alloys, T nitrogen appears to be the cause of the formation of the lamellar cellular colony with M 2 X type precipitates. A lamellar cellular colony with M 2 X type precipitates has been reported in aged [9] and as-cast [10] stainless steels with high nitrogen and low carbon contents.…”
Section: A Precipitates In As-cast Alloysmentioning
confidence: 99%