The effects of nitrous oxide on P300 and reaction time

Fowler, Barry; Kelso, Barry; Landolt, Jack P.; Porlier, G

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(88)90212-x

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In the framework of the additive factor method, three points deserve comment: the global effect of N 2 O on RT, the interaction of N 2 O with foreperiod manipulation, and finally the shape of such an interaction. First, the RT increased with N 2 O concentration, which confirms previous results obtained in humans (Fowler et al 1983(Fowler et al , 1985(Fowler et al , 1986(Fowler et al , 1988(Fowler et al , 1989(Fowler et al , 2000. This reflects the impairment of information processing induced by N 2 O inhalation.…”

Section: Reaction Timesupporting

confidence: 89%

“…These effects appear to be related to opioid and/or benzodiazepine-like actions (Hynes and Berkowitz 1979;Gillmann et al 1986;Quock et al 1992;Czech and Quock 1993;Emmanouil et al 1994;Czech 1995;Courtire and Hardouin 1997). The subjective, behavioral and cognitive effects of subanaesthetic doses of N 2 O have been studied in humans (Garfield et al 1975;Fowler et al 1983Fowler et al , 1985Fowler et al , 1988Fowler et al , 1989Zacny et al 1994;Cheam et al 1995;Fried et al 1995;Galinkin et al 1997) and may be investigated by using the reaction time (RT) paradigm. Within this paradigm, the additive factor method (AFM, Sternberg 1969Sternberg , 1998 has proved to be a valuable tool (Sternberg 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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An additive factor analysis of the effect of sub-anaesthetic doses of nitrous oxide on information processing: evidence for an impairment of the motor adjustment stage

et al. 2003

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The present data provide evidence that N(2)O impairs information processing by altering at least the stage of motor adjustment. In addition, N(2)O spares the sensory processes implemented during the stimulus preprocessing stage. A subsidiary result is that at some concentrations, N(2)O displays opposite effects on reaction time and movement time. These results demonstrate that the additive factor method constitutes a powerful new tool for studying the pharmacology of information processing in animal models.

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Section: Reaction Timesupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

An additive factor analysis of the effect of sub-anaesthetic doses of nitrous oxide on information processing: evidence for an impairment of the motor adjustment stage

et al. 2003

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“…Decreasing the Pao 2 increased P300 latencies and reaction times in an experimental study; hypoxemia had no effect on P300 amplitudes. 112 Measures of P300 latencies and reaction times to the stimuli were highly correlated, whereas P300 amplitudes and reaction times were not. Increased P300 latencies are thought to indicate that hypoxemia slows stimulus evaluation processes.…”

Section: Changes In the P300 Waveformmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cognitive performance, mood, and neurological status at high terrestrial elevation

Banderet¹,

Shukitt-Hale²

2002

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)Cognitive and psychomotor performance and mood states, including many critical behavioral functions such as sleep, memory, ■ reasoning, and vigilance, are significantly impaired by ascent to HTE higher than 3,000 m. Impairments in behavior caused by HTE can degrade military operations because the judgment and rate and accuracy of performance of military personnel can be affected. Such adverse effects have distinct and measurable time courses; onset of some effects is immediate (cognitive performance), whereas the onset of others is delayed (symptoms of AMS or adverse moods). The behavioral consequences of HTE are primarily dependent on the level of altitude, the duration of exposure the rate of ascent, an individual's state of physiological acclimation or acclimatization, characteristics of the task performed, and characteristics of the individual such as hypoxic sensitivity. Military history documents that the adverse effects induced by HTE need to be considered when military operations at altitude are planned and undertaken. Current research indicates that some performance decrements induced by ascent to extremely high mountains (e.g., Mount Everest, 8,848 m) may persist for a year or longer after return to lower elevations. Psychological, operational, and medical strategies have been employed to minimize these adverse effects. Psychological strategies often involve training and familiarization with the adverse effects that will be experienced at high altitude. Operational strategies include staging at intermediate altitudes, acclimatizing, and using supplemental oxygen from tanks of oxygen generators. Medical strategies often involve the use of medications to improve functioning at altitude and techniques to avoid complications. In most situations, multiple strategies are employed. The strategies now available and new developments to come will ensure that high-altitude military operations in the future will be less affected by adverse changes in cognitive and psychomotor performance and mood.14. SUBJECT TERMS high altitude, hypoxia, cognitive performance, moods, symptoms, time course of altitude effects, behavior NUMBER OF PAGES 3516. PRICE CODE

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“…The origin and functional significance of this P2 effect are as yet unknown but its eliciting process may be related to those underlying the awake P3a. Sub-anesthetic concentrations (up to 40% inspired) of nitrous oxide have been found to increase P3 latency (Fowler et al, 1988) and to decrease P3 amplitude (Fenwick et al, 1979) in a dose-dependent manner. With anesthetic concentrations of nitrous oxide, Jessop et al (1991) did still observe a P300 wave in some of their volunteers in absence of a motor response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-related potential measures of information processing during general anesthesia

Hooff¹,

Beer²,

Brunia

et al. 1997

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology

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General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.-Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research -You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain -You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright, please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. AbstractTo investigate the incidence and manner of auditory information processing during a state of presumed unconsciousness event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were studied in 41 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with propofol/alfentanil anesthesia. The ERPs were recorded during auditory oddball tasks administered before and within several periods of the operation. Mean nasopharyngeal temperature and anesthetic concentrations were determined for each intraoperative ERP recording epoch. During anesthesia ERP waves could still be observed up to 500 ms after stimulus onset indicating that auditory information processing was not suppressed completely by the administered anesthetic agents. Relative to the preoperative recordings, the PI-Nl-P2 complex was delayed and more positive going during anesthesia. Comparable changes in ERP morphology have been observed during Stage II-IV sleep, suggesting parallels in the mechanisms underlying early auditory processing in both states of reduced arousal level, possibly related to a selective reduction of a nonspecific activity. Nl and P2 peak amplitudes were found to be larger for the deviant tones compared to the standard tones. These amplitude differences most likely reflect automatic detection of stimulus deviance, although it cannot be excluded entirely that they were due to differences in refractoriness. Anesthetic concentrations and nasopharyngeal temperature were found to be of minor significance for ERP control. It is suggested that ERPs could serve as intraoperative reference measures, providing the earliest evidence for auditory processing. This characteristic is important for validation of signals and techniques that are proposed to improve conventional monitoring of anesthesia with respect to detecting unintended awareness. 0 1997 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd.

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The effects of nitrous oxide on P300 and reaction time

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

An additive factor analysis of the effect of sub-anaesthetic doses of nitrous oxide on information processing: evidence for an impairment of the motor adjustment stage

An additive factor analysis of the effect of sub-anaesthetic doses of nitrous oxide on information processing: evidence for an impairment of the motor adjustment stage

Cognitive performance, mood, and neurological status at high terrestrial elevation

Event-related potential measures of information processing during general anesthesia

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