The effects of NMR exposure on living organisms. II. A genetic study of human lymphocytes

Cooke, Patricia; Morris, Peter G.

doi:10.1259/0007-1285-54-643-622

Cited by 90 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…On the whole our results indicate that static NMRF exposure has neither proliferative, nor activating, nor proinflammatory effects on PBMC and are consistent with earlier findings that exposure causes no adverse cytogenetic effects [Cooke and Morris, 1981;Prasad et al, 1984]. Finally the decreased proliferation of Jurkat cells after NMRF exposure is consistent with the very low concentrations of both IL-2 and [Ca 2þ ] i .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The effect of strong static magnetic field on lymphocytes

Aldinucci

Garcia

Palmi

et al. 2003

Bioelectromagnetics

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We investigated whether static electromagnetic fields (EMFs) at a flux density of 4.75 T, generated by an NMR apparatus (NMRF), could promote movements of Ca2+, cell proliferation, and the eventual production of proinflammatory cytokines in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as well as in Jurkat cells, after exposure to the field for 1 h. The same study was also performed after activation of cells with 5 mg/ml phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). Our results clearly demonstrate that static NMRF exposure has neither proliferative, nor activating, nor proinflammatory effects on both normal and PHA activated PBMC. Moreover, the concentration of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-2, interleukin-6, interferon, and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) remained unvaried in exposed cells. Exposure of Jurkat cells statistically decreased the proliferation and the proliferation indexes, which 24 and 48 h after exposure were 0.7 +/- 0.29 and 0.87 +/- 0.12, respectively. Moreover, in Jurkat cells the [Ca2+]i was higher than in PBMC and was reduced significantly to about one half after exposure. This is consistent with the decrease of proliferation and with the low levels of IL-2 measured. On the whole, our data suggest that NMRF exposure failed to affect the physiologic behaviour of normal lymphomonocytes. Instead in Jurkat cells, by changing the properties of cell membranes, NMRF can influence Ca2+ transport processes, and hence Ca2+ homeostasis with improvement of proliferation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The effect of strong static magnetic field on lymphocytes

Aldinucci

Garcia

Palmi

et al. 2003

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…The biological effects of high-strength magnetic fields are very complex. Although MRI is not considered hazardous to the fetus, only a few investigations have examined the teratogenic potential of this imaging modality [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]. A number of mechanisms exist that could theoretically cause adverse biologic effects [5, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal MRI in the Evaluation of Intrauterine Myelomeningocele

et al. 2000

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Background: Accurate fetal imaging is essential to the practice of maternal-fetal medicine. While ultrasonography has been the traditional mainstay of fetal imaging, its ability to resolve critical features of central nervous system (CNS) anatomy remains limited. As interest in intrauterine therapy for myelomeningocele has increased, so has the need for more accurate, noninvasive imaging of the CNS. Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) promises to fill the gap left by ultrasound. Methods: Thirty-seven MRI scans of fetuses previously diagnosed with myelomeningocele were reviewed by 2 neuroradiologists. The ability of fetal MRI to resolve the commonest CNS stigmata of spina bifida, and the incidence and extent of interobserver error, was assessed. In 4 cases, postnatal MRIs were also available. These were compared to the corresponding fetal studies. Results: The imaging quality with the technique used in this study was excellent, even without the use of maternal or fetal sedation. There were no complications, and the imaging times were minimal. Interobserver error was minimal with respect to the evaluation of ventricular dilatation and hindbrain herniation, but moderate in the description and location of the spinal lesion. As had previously been documented with ultrasonography, a reduction was seen in hindbrain herniation when comparing pre- and postnatal MRIs. Conclusion: It is concluded that fetal MRI is an effective, noninvasive means of assessing fetal CNS anatomy. Its ability to resolve posterior fossa anatomy is superior to ultrasonography while, with respect to the evaluation of hydrocephalus and the level and nature of the spinal lesion, it may be equivalent to inferior. Inclusion of the fetal MRI into the standard diagnostic armamentarium will probably await the next major advance in speed and resolution. It is conceivable that, with further advances, MRI might supplant ultrasonography as the diagnostic tool of choice for evaluation of fetal anomalies including myelomeningocele.

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“…Finally, the bioeffects of magnetic resonance, particularly at high magnetic fields (2 Tesla used in this study and higher), are largely unknown. Several studies have shown that while no genetic or teratogenesis effects have been observed from high magnetic fields, reduced fetal growth and weight losses were reported in rodents exposed to magnetic fields for 16 consecutive hours [7][8][9][10]. Clearly, these observations need to be further studied prior to possible clinical protocols for prenatal MR spectroscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic and anatomic development of the chick embryo as studied by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy and proton MRI

et al. 1989

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Thirty fertilized chick eggs were studied sequentially over the 22-day maturation period of the egg by phosphorous-31 (P-31) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and proton (H-1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 2.0 Tesla. The total MR observable P-31 volume in the egg decreased by nearly 80% from day 4 through day 22, suggesting P-31 uptake into tissues in which the P-31 signal is not visible by MR, such as phospholipid bilayers, membranes, cellular structures, and bone mineral phosphates. Of the remaining visible phosphates, the relative phospholipid peak area decreased and the relative peak areas of the phosphocreatine and nucleoside di- and triphosphate metabolites increased. Inorganic phosphate also showed an increase in peak area during maturation. The metabolic development correlated with the anatomic development of visible structures such as brain, eyes, spine and organs in the chick as seen by MRI. In-vivo MR techniques offers the potential to follow changes in prenatal development and maturation.

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The effects of NMR exposure on living organisms. II. A genetic study of human lymphocytes

Cited by 90 publications

References 5 publications

The effect of strong static magnetic field on lymphocytes

The effect of strong static magnetic field on lymphocytes

Fetal MRI in the Evaluation of Intrauterine Myelomeningocele

Metabolic and anatomic development of the chick embryo as studied by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy and proton MRI

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