The Effects of Obesity on Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Pathology

Frey, Carol; Zamora, James

doi:10.3113/fai.2007.0996

Cited by 169 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Tendinopathy has an increased incidence with age and the male gender [11,89] and with obesity [36,47]. Excessive long-distance running, intensity, and hill work are risk factors for acute Achilles tendinopathy [60,70,95]; distance and excessive time spent swimming are associated with supraspinatus tendinopathy [98].…”

Section: Common Intrinsic and Extrinsic Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Basic Science of Tendinopathy

Murrell

2008

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

314

254

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Tendinopathy is a common clinical problem with athletes and in many occupational settings. Tendinopathy can occur in any tendon, often near its insertion or enthesis where there is an area of stress concentration, and is directly related to the volume of repetitive load to which the tendon is exposed. Recent studies indicate tendinopathy is more likely to occur in situations that increase the ''dose'' of load to the tendon enthesis -including increased activity, weight, advancing age, and genetic factors. The cells in tendinopathic tendon are rounder, more numerous, and show evidence of oxidative damage and more apoptosis. These cells also produce a matrix that is thicker and weaker with more water, more immature and cartilage-like matrix proteins, and less organization. There is now evidence of a population of regenerating stem cells within tendon. These studies suggest prevention of tendinopathy should be directed at reducing the volume of repetitive loads to below that which induces oxidative-induced apoptosis and cartilage-like genes. The management strategies might involve agents or cells that induce tendon stem cell proliferation, repair and restoration of matrix integrity.

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Section: Common Intrinsic and Extrinsic Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Basic Science of Tendinopathy

Murrell

2008

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

314

254

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“…Although there is some evidence to suggest being overweight or obese places adults at greater risk of developing foot complications such as osteoarthritis, tendonitis and plantar fasciitis [17], there is only limited research investigating the effects of obesity on the feet of adults [18,19]. No research has comprehensively examined the effects of overweight or obesity on the feet of older individuals (i.e >60 years).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obese older adults suffer foot pain and foot-related functional limitation

Mickle

Steele

2015

Gait & Posture

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There is evidence to suggest being overweight or obese places adults at greater risk of developing foot complications such as osteoarthritis, tendonitis and plantar fasciitis. However, no research has comprehensively examined the effects of overweight or obesity on the feet of individuals older than 60 years of age. Therefore we investigated whether foot pain, foot structure, and/or foot function is affected by obesity in older adults. Three hundred and twelve Australian men and women, aged over 60 years, completed validated questionnaires to establish the presence of foot pain and health related quality of life. Foot structure (anthropometrics and soft tissue thickness) and foot function (ankle dorsiflexion strength and flexibility, toe flexor strength, plantar pressures and spatiotemporal gait parameters) were also measured. Obese participants (BMI >30) were compared to those who were overweight (BMI = 25-30) and not overweight (BMI <25). Obese participants were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of foot pain and scored significantly lower on the SF-36. Obesity was also associated with foot-related functional limitation whereby ankle dorsiflexion strength, hallux and lesser toe strength, stride/step length and walking speed were significantly reduced in obese participants compared to their leaner counterparts. Therefore, disabling foot pain and altered foot structure and foot function are consequences of obesity for older adults, and impact upon their quality of life. Interventions designed to reduce excess fat mass may relieve loading of the foot structures and, in turn, improve foot pain and quality of life for older obese individuals. ABSTRACTThere is evidence to suggest being overweight or obese places adults at greater risk of developing foot complications such as osteoarthritis, tendonitis and plantar fasciitis, however, no research has comprehensively examined the effects of overweight or obesity on the feet of individuals older than 60 years of age. Therefore we investigated whether foot pain, foot structure, and/or foot function is affected by obesity in older adults. 312 Australian men and women, aged over 60 years, completed validated questionnaires to establish the presence of foot pain and health related quality of life. Foot structure (anthropometrics and soft tissue thickness) and foot function (ankle dorsiflexion strength and flexibility, toe flexor strength, plantar pressures and spatiotemporal gait parameters) were also measured. Obese participants (BMI >30) were compared to those who were overweight (BMI = 25-30) and not overweight (BMI <25). Obese participants were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of foot pain and scored significantly lower on the SF-36. Obesity was also associated with footrelated functional limitation whereby ankle dorsiflexion strength, hallux and lesser toe strength, stride/step length and walking speed were significantly reduced in obese participants compared to their leaner counterparts. Therefore, disabling foot pain and altered f...

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“…There are multiple options for individuals looking for shoe inserts including off the shelf and custom made orthotics [8]. The basic purpose of shoe inserts is to change the pressure distribution across the foot and relieve overall pain [21,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This acute condition is more common in women and people over 40 years old. Specifically, a tear or inflammation of the tendon being overused causes the arch of the foot to slowly collapse [8]. Other effects linked to obesity include tendonitis, plantar fasciitis, and osteoarthritis of the foot and ankle [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Color Doppler Ultrasound Efficiency in Monitoring Diabetic Nonulcerated Neuroarthropathic (Charcot) Foot

Perciun¹

2015

Clin Res Foot Ankle

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Objective: Potential pain relief from foot pain can come from a shoe insert foot orthotic. This study assessed foot pressure distribution and balance in off the shelf foot orthotics versus a custom made foot orthotic compared to no orthotic. Methods:The subjects (8) were both men and women. The average age was 25.1 ± 2.8 years, the average weight was 68.8 ± 13.7 kg, and BMI 24.5 ± 6.4. Each patient was fit for both off the shelf and custom shoe insert foot orthotics and needed orthotics to reduce pain. Once fit, they were evaluated by standing and then walking 12 meters on a level surface while being monitored by a Tactilus Pressure Mapping system. Balance was also evaluated with a pressure platform during 8 balance tests. Results:With the subjects accomplishing quiet standing, the average pressure and peak pressure was shifted from the hind foot and forefoot to the mid foot when wearing foot inserts (p<0.05). During walking, the average pressure was significantly shifted from the forefoot and hind foot to the mid foot in both orthotic groups with the greatest reduction in forefoot pressure in the off the shelf orthotic group (p<0.05). This is especially seen when measuring the peak pressures on the foot, where, during standing the peak pressures on the fore foot were 20% higher with no orthotic than seen for the 2 orthotics tested here. Balance was best in the custom orthotic group while both orthotic groups had better balance than the no orthotic studies for the most difficult balance tests. Conclusion: At least in this small group of subjects, off the shelf foot orthotics help gait or balance but custom orthotics are better.

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The Effects of Obesity on Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Pathology

Abstract: Tendinitis, plantar fasciitis, and osteoarthritis usually are secondary to overuse and increased stress on the soft tissues and joints, which may be directly related to increased weight on these structures.

Cited by 169 publications

References 21 publications

The Basic Science of Tendinopathy

The Basic Science of Tendinopathy

Obese older adults suffer foot pain and foot-related functional limitation

The Potential of Color Doppler Ultrasound Efficiency in Monitoring Diabetic Nonulcerated Neuroarthropathic (Charcot) Foot

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