The effects of olfactory stimulation and gender differences on pain responses in full‐term infants

Romantsik, Olga; Porter, Richard H.; Varendi, Heili

doi:10.1111/apa.12759

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Sadathosseini observed that crying lasted significantly less and that variation in SatO 2 was lower when the odor of VEO was familiar [40]. Other studies have found no effects of VEO in soothing pain in full-term infants if the patients have not been previously exposed to this odor [26]. Neshat et al found no differences on prematures' heart rate and SatO 2 during venipuncture even though the neonates had been previously familiarized with VEO [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparison of the analgesic effect of inhaled lavender vs vanilla essential oil for neonatal frenotomy: a randomized clinical trial (NCT04867824)

et al. 2022

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It is necessary to treat neonatal pain because it may have short-and long-term adverse effects. Frenotomy is a painful procedure where sucking, a common strategy to relieve pain, cannot be used because the technique is performed on the tongue. In a previous randomized clinical trial, we demonstrated that inhaled lavender essential oil (LEO) reduced the signs of pain during neonatal frenotomy. We aimed to find out whether inhaled vanilla essential oil (VEO) is more effective in reducing pain during frenotomy than LEO. Randomized clinical trial with neonates who underwent a frenotomy for type 3 tongueties between May and October 2021. Pain was assessed using pre and post-procedure heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SatO2), crying time, and NIPS score. Neonates were randomized into "experimental" and "control" group. In both groups, we performed swaddling, administered oral sucrose, and let the newborn suck for 2 min. We placed a gauze pad with one drop of LEO (control group) or of VEO (experimental group) under the neonate's nose for 2 min prior to and during the frenotomy. We enrolled 142 neonates (71 per group). Both groups showed similar NIPS scores (2.02 vs 2.38) and crying times (15.3 vs 18.7 s). We observed no differences in HR increase or in SatO2 decrease between both groups. We observed no side effects in either of the groups.Conclusions: We observed no appreciable difference between LEO and VEO; therefore, we cannot conclude which of them was more effective in treating pain in neonates who underwent a frenotomy.Trial registration: This clinical trial is registered with www. clini caltr ials. gov with NCT04867824. What is Known:• Pain management is one of the most important goals of neonatal care as it can have long-term neurodevelopmental effects.• Lavender essential oil can help relieve pain due to its sedative, antispasmodic, and anticolic properties.What is New:• Lavender and vanilla essential oils are safe, beneficial, easy to use, and cheap in relieving pain in neonates who undergo a frenotomy for type 3 tongue-ties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparison of the analgesic effect of inhaled lavender vs vanilla essential oil for neonatal frenotomy: a randomized clinical trial (NCT04867824)

et al. 2022

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“…Regarding the upper limbs, Romantsik et al 25 showed that facial expressions, hand movements, and duration of crying in full-term newborns are useful for recognizing acute pain in healthy neonates. In preterm infants, flexion of the arms and legs, extension of the legs, opening the fingers and moving the hand toward the face were associated with the pain elicited by a heel prick.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatricians’ focus of sight at pain assessment during a neonatal heel puncture

Silva,

Barros,

Borten

et al. 2024

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: To evaluate the focus of pediatricians’ gaze during the heel prick of neonates. Methods: Prospective study in which pediatricians wearing eye tracker glasses evaluated neonatal pain before/after a heel prtick. Pediatricians scored the pain they perceived in the neonate in a verbal analogue numerical scale (0=no pain; 10=maximum pain). The outcomes measured were number and time of visual fixations in upper face, lower face, and hands, in two 10-second periods, before (pre) and after the puncture (post). These outcomes were compared between the periods, and according to pediatricians’ pain perception: absent/mild (score: 0–5) and moderate/intense (score: 6–10). Results: 24 pediatricians (31 years old, 92% female) evaluated 24 neonates. The median score attributed to neonatal pain during the heel prick was 7.0 (Interquartile range: 5–8). Compared to pre-, in the post-periods, more pediatricians fixed their gaze on the lower face (63 vs. 92%; p=0.036) and the number of visual fixations was greater on the lower face (2.0 vs. 5.0; p=0.018). There was no difference in the number and time of visual fixations according to the intensity of pain. Conclusions: At bedside, pediatricians change their focus of attention on the neonatal face after a painful procedure, focusing mainly on the lower part of the face.

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“…Sadathosseini observed that crying lasted signi cantly less and that variation in SatO2 was lower when the odor of VEO was familiar [38]. Other studies have found no effects of VEO in soothing pain in full-term infants if the patients have not been previously exposed to this odor [24]. Neshat et al found no differences on prematures' heart rate and SatO2 during venipuncture even though the neonates had been previously familiarized with VEO [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our hypothesis was that signs of pain (mostly crying time and NIPS score) would be lower in the experimental group than in the control group. We chose LEO and VEO because these are the fragrances for which more studies have been performed in neonates and infants [3,4,6,12,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. As far as we know, there are no previous studies which have analyzed the potential bene t of LEO vs VEO to relieve pain in neonatal frenotomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the analgesic effect of inhaled lavender vs vanilla essential oil for neonatal frenotomy: a randomized clinical trial (NCT04867824)

Maya-Enero

Fàbregas-Mitjans

Llufriu-Marquès

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: It is necessary to treat neonatal pain because it may have short and long-term adverse effects. Frenotomy is a painful procedure where sucking, a common strategy to relieve pain, cannot be used because the technique is performed on the tongue. In a previous randomized clinical trial, we demonstrated that inhaled lavender essential oil (LEO) reduced the signs of pain during neonatal frenotomy. We aimed to find out whether inhaled vanilla essential oil (VEO) is more effective in reducing pain during frenotomy than LEO.Methods: Randomized clinical trial with neonates who underwent a frenotomy for type 3 tongue-ties between May and October 2021. Pain was assessed using pre and post-procedure heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SatO2), crying time and NIPS score. Patients were randomized into “experimental” and “control” group. In both groups, we performed swaddling, administered oral sucrose, and let the newborn suck for two minutes. We placed a gauze pad with one drop of LEO (control group) or of VEO (experimental group) under the neonate’s nose for two minutes prior to and during the frenotomy.Results: We enrolled 142 patients (71 per group). Both groups showed similar NIPS scores (2.02 vs 2.38) and crying times (15.3 vs 18.7 s). We observed no differences in HR increase or in SatO2 decrease between both groups. We observed no side effects in either of the groups.Conclusions: We observed no appreciable difference between LEO and VEO, therefore we cannot conclude which of them was more effective in treating pain in neonates who underwent a frenotomy.

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The effects of olfactory stimulation and gender differences on pain responses in full‐term infants

Abstract: Crying and finger splaying/fisting were observable responses that may be useful for screening pain or distress in healthy neonates. Increased pain reactions by boys may reflect higher irritability. Exposure to an unfamiliar odour did not have a calming effect on full-term neonates.

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Comparison of the analgesic effect of inhaled lavender vs vanilla essential oil for neonatal frenotomy: a randomized clinical trial (NCT04867824)

Comparison of the analgesic effect of inhaled lavender vs vanilla essential oil for neonatal frenotomy: a randomized clinical trial (NCT04867824)

Pediatricians’ focus of sight at pain assessment during a neonatal heel puncture

Comparison of the analgesic effect of inhaled lavender vs vanilla essential oil for neonatal frenotomy: a randomized clinical trial (NCT04867824)

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