The effects of opium tincture and methadone on the cognitive function of patients with opioid use disorder

Wong, James S H; Nikoo, Mohammadali; Kianpoor, Kiana; Gholami, Ali; Jazani, Majid; Mohammadian, Fatemeh; Lafooraki, Neda Y.; Jang, Kerry L.; Schütz, Christian; Akhondzadeh, Shahin; Krausz, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2020.110091

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Assessment and Treatment1

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2021

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“…Pharmacological interventions for OUD can be used as substitutes for illicit opioids, for detoxification and for relapse prevention [98]. For substitution, methadone, a μ opioid receptor (MOR) agonist, is the most commonly used opioid substitution medication globally [99]. Buprenorphine is also commonly used and is a long‐acting partial MOR agonist.…”

Section: Assessment and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioid use disorder and the brain: a clinical perspective

Herlinger

Lingford-Hughes

2021

Addiction

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Opioid use disorder (OUD) has gained increasing publicity and interest during recent years, with many countries describing problems of epidemic proportions with regard to opioid use and deaths related to opioids. While opioids are not themselves acutely neurotoxic, the chronic relapsing and remitting nature of this disorder means that individuals are often exposed to exogenous opioids for lengthy periods of time (either illicit or prescribed as treatment). We are increasingly characterizing the effect of such long‐term opioid exposure on the brain. This narrative review aims to summarize the literature regarding OUD and the brain from a clinical perspective. Alterations of brain structure and function are discussed, as well as neurological and psychiatric disorders in OUD. Finally, we review current and new directions for assessment and treatment.

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Section: Assessment and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%