The effects of organic matter on the physiological features of Malus hupehensis seedlings and soil properties under replant conditions

Zhang, Zhaobo; Chen, Qiang; Yin, Chengmiao; Shen, Xiang; Chen, Xuesen; Sun, Hang; Gao, A.; Mao, Zhiquan

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2012.08.011

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Phosphatase levels were also significantly increased in the melatonin‐treated healthy soil but remained unchanged in the melatonin‐treated replant soil. In fact, the use of amendments can improve the activities of soil enzymes . Nevertheless, further research is required to examine in detail the effects of melatonin on interactions between the root environment and microorganisms, and how such interactions affect the activity of soil enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mitigation effects of exogenous melatonin on replant disease in apple

Zhao

Gao

et al. 2018

Journal of Pineal Research

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Melatonin mediates many physiological processes in plants. The problem of apple replant disease is unsolved. Our study objectives were to evaluate the regulatory effect of melatonin on plant resistance to this challenge and investigate the preliminary mechanism by which melatonin helps alleviate the effects of this disease. Two-year-old trees of "Fuji" apple (Malus domestica), grafted onto rootstock M.26, were grown in "replant" soil for 6 months in the absence or presence of a 200 μmol/L melatonin supplement. The addition of melatonin to the soil significantly increased the rates of plant growth and net photosynthesis and chlorophyll concentrations under replant conditions. This molecule elevated the levels of K in leaves and roots and enhanced the activity of soil enzymes. Such supplementation also changed the composition of the bacterial and fungal communities in the soil. We concluded that the application of melatonin to a replant soil can protect their chloroplasts from oxidative damage and release the apple root from membrane damage, and also lead to increased soil enzyme activity and soil quality while altering the composition of bacterial and fungal communities. These changes can then promote seedling growth, stimulate photosynthesis, and elevate K levels, thereby alleviating the effects of apple replant disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mitigation effects of exogenous melatonin on replant disease in apple

Zhao

Gao

et al. 2018

Journal of Pineal Research

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“…hupehensis Rehd. seedlings were used in experiments, which have the problem of replanting obstacles. − The seeds of M. hupehensis Rehd.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…hupehensis Rehd. seedlings have the problem of replanting obstacles. − In this study, amygdalin and benzoic acid in peach orchard soil were applied to fallow land to explore the effects of amygdalin and benzoic acid on fallow soil and M. hupehensis Rehd.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdalin and Benzoic Acid on the Influences of the Soil Environment and Growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. Seedlings

et al. 2021

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Crop rotation in fruit trees is an effective approach for addressing some of the problems of continuous cropping. To determine whether aged peach orchard soil is suitable for planting apple trees, we studied the effects of two substances abundant in aged peach orchard soil—amygdalin and benzoic acid—on the soil microbial community structure, soil enzyme activity, and the growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. seedlings. Soils treated with amygdalin (T1), benzoic acid (T2), and a mixed solution of amygdalin and benzoic acid (T3) were used to plant M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings. Compared with fallow (control) soil, the soil microbial community structure, soil enzyme activities, and root protective enzyme activities, leaf chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rate decreased in the three treatments. The biomass and root index of M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings significantly decreased. Compared with T3, the plant height, ground diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, root length, root surface area, root volume, and root respiration rate of M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings in T2 in 2015 (2016 in parentheses) decreased by 19.3% (12.6%), 8.7% (7.1%), 21.2% (13.3%), 9.1% (19.6%), 7.9% (25.3%), 40.7% (28.8%), 46.2% (21.1%), and 44.2% (27.5%), respectively. Compared with T3, the same variables in T1 in 2015 (2016 in parentheses) decreased by 34.9% (16.7%), 27.6% (9.8%), 53.6% (19.4%), and 50% (20.5%), 24.1% (31.4%), 55.1% (37.6%), 63.2% (28.2%), and 47.0% (28.7%), respectively. Thus, the inhibitory effect of T3 was the strongest, followed by T2 and T1. In sum, amygdalin and benzoic acid are harmful substances in aged peach orchard soil that inhibit the growth of M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings.

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“…The addition of fermented organic materials has been reported to reduce ARD. Zhang et al (2012) tested two fermentation methods to produce organic material, one aerobic generating solid compost and the other anaerobic generating fermented liquid. In a pot experiment using apple seedlings planted in new cropping soil, ARD soil, ARD soil + solid compost added, and ARD soil + fermented fluid added, the ARD + fermented liquid was found to be superior to ARD + solid compost for reducing ARD.…”

Section: Soil Amendmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative disease management strategies for organic apple production in the United Kingdom

Shuttleworth

2021

CABI Agric Biosci

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Apple is a globally important tree fruit. In the United Kingdom (UK) and mainland Europe, there is ongoing consumer and environmental concern regarding over-reliance on conventional chemicals for disease control. This has resulted in an increase in withdrawal of active ingredients and legal use restrictions over recent years. The loss of active ingredients can be problematic for growers, who have relied on the generally more predictable and efficacious management that results from using conventional chemicals. Organic disease management methods are generally more sustainable over the long term as organic methods have fewer negative impacts on the environment and on human health. Key diseases of organic UK apple production include scab, European canker, powdery mildew, apple replant disease, and brown rot/blossom wilt. The recommended organic control measures depend on the disease. Measures range from the use of host resistance, rootstock and scion cultivar selection, planting location of trees, application of biological control agents, soil amendments, cultural management, postharvest treatments, disease modelling and forecasting. The challenge when using organic methods is results are often more variable and less predictable than when using conventional chemicals. Biological control agents, for example, often require more applications than chemicals, need correct timing to work effectively, and can be sensitive to weather and orchard management. Additionally, a thorough understanding of disease ecology by growers is helpful for more effective implementation of organic control methods. Invasive pathogens not currently present in the UK that may affect apple production including Xylella fastidiosa and Valsa mali, and the potential effects of climate change on pathogens already present such as Erwinia amylovora (fireblight) are discussed. The consequences of climate change are difficult to predict due to the changeable nature of the weather and the variation in factors contributing to climate change. However, a warming planet and more unpredictable weather patterns may favour range expansion of pathogens, while increasing plant stress and susceptibility. This review presents various methods that can be applied as alternatives to conventional chemicals for disease control in organic apple production to provide economic efficiency, environmental sustainability, and the supply of safe nutritious food.

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The effects of organic matter on the physiological features of Malus hupehensis seedlings and soil properties under replant conditions

Cited by 25 publications

References 34 publications

The mitigation effects of exogenous melatonin on replant disease in apple

The mitigation effects of exogenous melatonin on replant disease in apple

Amygdalin and Benzoic Acid on the Influences of the Soil Environment and Growth of Malus hupehensis Rehd. Seedlings

Alternative disease management strategies for organic apple production in the United Kingdom

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