This chapter reviews scientific theory and research on pornography consumption and male socialization. The term pornography is often used pejoratively. Consistent with our prior work (e.g., Wright & Bae, 2013;Wright, Malamuth, & Donnerstein, 2012), we use the term only as shorthand for mediated content depicting nudity and explicit sexual acts. No evaluative connotation is implied. 1 The voluminous nature of the pornography literature necessitates the adoption of certain chapter parameters. We focus on quantitative studies, general-as opposed to sex offender-samples, males who have sex with females (see Chapter 16, this handbook, for a discussion of gay, bisexual, and transgender males), and studies published in the last 10-15 years. Recent studies are emphasized because research conducted prior to this period has already received extensive analysis and critique (Linz & Malamuth, 1993;Malamuth, Addison, & Koss, 2000), sociosexual norms change over time (Treas, 2002), and the dawn of the Internet has led to a flurry of studies yet to receive much systematic review.The first part of the chapter reviews theory and research on males' consumption of pornography. Studies generally find that males are more likely to consume pornography than females (Goodson,