The effects of particle size distribution on the optical properties of titanium dioxide rutile pigments and their applications in cool non-white coatings

Song, Jian; Qin, Jie; Qu, Jian; Song, Zhongnan; Zhang, Weidong; Xue, Xiao; Shi, Yujia; Zhang, Tao; Ji, Wenzhan; Zhang, Rongpu; Zhang, Hongqiang; Zhang, Ziying; Wu, Xiong

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2014.06.035

Cited by 148 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The solar reflectance of the IR sample was higher than its traditional sample, especially in the IR region, while in the visible part of the spectrum, the two were almost identical. This was due to the addition of IR pigments, which increased the IR reflectance of the prototypes, as expected and reported by other studies [42]. In general, solar reflectance of cool red mortars was equal to 0.4, while for traditional red mortars, this value was lower, i.e., 0.3.…”

Section: Materials' Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…As mentioned in the Introduction section, in order to optimize colored mortar mix reflectance, which is low in the visible part of the spectrum due to the dark red pigment, IR pigments were added to the mix [42]. More specifically, titanium dioxide pigments from Huntsman Corporation (The Woodlands, TX, USA) (Altiris ® , [43]) were employed.…”

Section: Materials Implementation and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On Innovative Cool-Colored Materials for Building Envelopes: Balancing the Architectural Appearance and the Thermal-Energy Performance in Historical Districts

et al. 2017

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Architectural expression and energy performance are key decision-drivers in the selection of a particular construction element, with the purpose of Urban Heat Island mitigation, energy-consumption reductions, and cultural heritage preservation in historical centers. In historical centers, the external layer of the envelope and the visible parts of the building are built with traditional materials and technological solutions, such as single-layer walls or brickworks, depending on the country's context, while the energy performance is usually optimized by means of internal insulation layers, or other active and passive solutions. Thermal-energy efficient materials and construction elements for the temperate, warm climate of the Mediterranean area are usually light-colored to reflect the largest part of solar radiation, thus reducing energy demands for cooling and improving thermal comfort conditions for occupants. On the other hand, many historical centers in such areas are characterized by reddish or grayish colors. In this work, we considered Italian historical areas, and other countries in the Mediterranean area with present similar situations. Thus, in this study, innovative, cool-colored, cement-based materials were developed to improve the thermal-energy performance of the external envelope of historical/historic built environments, without altering their appearance. These materials were prepared directly on-site, by mixing two types of pigments to achieve the desired color saturation. Optic and thermal properties were assessed, and yearly dynamic simulations of a historic, listed, case study building were performed, by comparing traditional-colored mortar and the prototype cool mortar envelopes. The research demonstrates that such cool-colored materials can maintain lower surface temperatures (−8 • C), while reducing energy demands for cooling (−3%).

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Section: Materials' Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Materials Implementation and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Innovative Cool-Colored Materials for Building Envelopes: Balancing the Architectural Appearance and the Thermal-Energy Performance in Historical Districts

et al. 2017

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“…For instance, white/cool plasters can have α = 0.1 and ε = 0.9, while metallic coatings in new aluminum can have α = 0.7 and ε = 0.5. Due to the large experimental research in this field (for instance, see the study of Song et al [46,47] on the matter of non-white cool materials), all combinations among the aforementioned values of α and ε will be considered in the optimization.…”

Section: Spectral Characteristics Of the External Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of the Building Envelope: A Novel Multi-Objective Approach for the Optimization of Energy Performance and Thermal Comfort

et al. 2015

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According to the increasing worldwide attention to energy and the environmental performance of the building sector, building energy demand should be minimized by considering all energy uses. In this regard, the development of building components characterized by proper values of thermal transmittance, thermal capacity, and radiative properties is a key strategy to reduce the annual energy need for the microclimatic control. However, the design of the thermal characteristics of the building envelope is an arduous task, especially in temperate climates where the energy demands for space heating and cooling are balanced. This study presents a novel methodology for optimizing the thermo-physical properties of the building envelope and its coatings, in terms of thermal resistance, capacity, and radiative characteristics of exposed surfaces. A multi-objective approach is adopted in order to optimize energy performance and thermal comfort. The optimization problem is solved by means of a Genetic Algorithm implemented in MATLAB ® , which is coupled with EnergyPlus for performing dynamic energy simulations. For demonstration, the methodology is applied to a residential building for two different Mediterranean climates: Naples and Istanbul. The results show that for Naples, because of the higher incidence of cooling demand, cool external coatings imply significant energy savings, whereas the OPEN ACCESS Sustainability 2015, 7 10810 insulation of walls should be high but not excessive (no more than 13-14 cm). The importance of high-reflective coating is clear also in colder Mediterranean climates, like Istanbul, although the optimal thicknesses of thermal insulation are higher (around 16-18 cm). In both climates, the thermal envelope should have a significant mass, obtainable by adopting dense and/or thick masonry layers. Globally, a careful design of the thermal envelope is always necessary in order to achieve high-efficiency buildings.

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“…The presence of extenders (white cement, talcum and ground calcium carbonate) do not affect the shape of spectral reflectance of the resultant product, yet they do decrease the solar reflectance of the waterproof coating (0.819), which is lower than that of the titanium dioxide rutile (0.873) and Altiris 800 (0.843). According to the multiple scattering model based on the two-flux Kubelka-Munk (K-M) theory, at shorter wavelengths (k < 400 nm), the spectra are mainly determined by the scattering properties of the individual single particles; at longer wavelengths (k > 400 nm), where multiplescattering effects become important, the spectra are predominately determined by pigment volume concentration [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of an energy efficient cool white roof coating based on styrene acrylate copolymer and cement for waterproofing purpose—Part I: Optical properties, estimated cooling effect and relevant properties after dirt and accelerated exposures

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Zhang

et al. 2015

Construction and Building Materials

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The effects of particle size distribution on the optical properties of titanium dioxide rutile pigments and their applications in cool non-white coatings

Cited by 148 publications

References 12 publications

On Innovative Cool-Colored Materials for Building Envelopes: Balancing the Architectural Appearance and the Thermal-Energy Performance in Historical Districts

On Innovative Cool-Colored Materials for Building Envelopes: Balancing the Architectural Appearance and the Thermal-Energy Performance in Historical Districts

Design of the Building Envelope: A Novel Multi-Objective Approach for the Optimization of Energy Performance and Thermal Comfort

The study of an energy efficient cool white roof coating based on styrene acrylate copolymer and cement for waterproofing purpose—Part I: Optical properties, estimated cooling effect and relevant properties after dirt and accelerated exposures

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