The effects of pesticides on species of non-target Heteroptera inhabiting cereal fields in southern England

Moreby, S. J.; Sotherton, N. W.; Jepson, P. C.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199709)51:1<39::aid-ps611>3.0.co;2-3

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For example, organic fields tend to have more chick‐food insects for partridges than paired conventional fields (Moreby & Sotherton 1997). Pesticides reduced insect numbers in unsprayed headlands (Sotherton 1991; de Snoo 1999), in subfield experiments (Moreby, Sotherton & Jepson 1997), and in a range of field‐scale experiments (Holland et al . 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking agricultural practice to insect and bird populations: a historical study over three decades

Benton

Bryant

Cole

et al. 2002

Journal of Applied Ecology

573

413

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Summary 1.There is continuing debate about the impact of agricultural practices on farmland wildlife. In particular, it has been postulated that a general decline in insect abundance linked with intensification of agriculture may have contributed to farmland bird decline. While some autecological studies have supported this hypothesis, larger-scale and longterm studies are needed. 2. Suction traps mounted on 12·2-m towers (Rothamsted-type) have been sampling aerial insects for nearly 40 years throughout the UK. Their catches are correlated over large spatial scales. We analysed insect catch data from a single suction trap run for 27 years in a rural location in Scotland, and showed that insect numbers have changed significantly over time, although non-linearly. The multivariate data set (numbers from the 12 common arthropod groups) was summarized using principal components analysis (PCA) to extract three components explaining 62% of the variation. 3. We also used PCA to describe agricultural change, using published agricultural data for eight measures of farming in Scotland. Arthropod abundance and principal component (PC) scores were significantly related to the agricultural PC scores as well to summary climatic measures. 4. Using Scottish data from the British Trust for Ornithology Common Birds Census, we extracted three PC to describe the time-dependent average densities of 15 common farmland birds in Scotland. Measures of bird density were significantly related to insect abundance and PC scores and, independently, to measures of agriculture and climate. 5. These data from a broad suite of species provide support for linked temporal change between farmland birds, invertebrate numbers and agricultural practice in Scotland. Although entirely correlative, the results are consistent with the view that agricultural change has influenced birds through changes in food quality or quantity. The work also shows how large-scale invertebrate sampling, in this case using suction traps, is useful for monitoring farmland biodiversity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking agricultural practice to insect and bird populations: a historical study over three decades

Benton

Bryant

Cole

et al. 2002

Journal of Applied Ecology

573

413

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“…Although species-abundance and diversity analyses were not possible, the total numbers of Heteroptera and predatory Heteroptera were 70% lower in GMHT beet than in conventional beet. Although most species of Heteroptera rely on plants for part of their diet (Southwood & Leston 1959), very few species are regarded as crop pests (Moreby et al 1997) and covariate analyses indicated that the considerably smaller weed biomass and weed-seed abundance in GMHT beet compared with the conventional treatment (see also Heard et al 2003a) may have contributed to this effect. For Leptopterna dolabrata (Miridae: Stenodemini), the presence of grass seeds, with their high nitrogen content, is important for the maturation of nymphs to successful breeding adults (McNeill 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suction-sampling technique is comparable with the conventional D-vac suction sampler and has been used widely in similar entomological field studies (e.g. Moreby et al 1997). Although extraction efficiency is always less than 100%, suction samples represent a constant proportion of the population density, thus allowing valid statistical comparisons to be made between treatments for the same habitat.…”

Section: (B) Epigeal Arthropodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide–tolerant and conventional spring crops. II. Within-field epigeal and aerial arthropods

Haughton

Champion²,

Hawes

et al. 2003

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

133

108

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The effects of the management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops on the abundances of aerial and epigeal arthropods were assessed in 66 beet, 68 maize and 67 spring oilseed rape sites as part of the Farm Scale Evaluations of GMHT crops. Most higher taxa were insensitive to differences between GMHT and conventional weed management, but significant effects were found on the abundance of at least one group within each taxon studied. Numbers of butterflies in beet and spring oilseed rape and of Heteroptera and bees in beet were smaller under the relevant GMHT crop management, whereas the abundance of Collembola was consistently greater in all GMHT crops. Generally, these effects were specific to each crop type, reflected the phenology and ecology of the arthropod taxa, were indirect and related to herbicide management. These results apply generally to agriculture across Britain, and could be used in mathematical models to predict the possible long-term effects of the widespread adoption of GMHT technology. The results for bees and butterflies relate to foraging preferences and might or might not translate into effects on population densities, depending on whether adoption leads to forage reductions over large areas. These species, and the detritivore Collembola, may be useful indicator species for future studies of GMHT management.

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“…Such devices have been used widely in similar entomological field studies (e.g. Haughton et al 2001;Maudsley et al 1997;Moreby et al 1997) and were used for invertebrate assessments within the crop (Haughton et al 2003). Although extraction efficiency is always less than 100%, suction samples represent a consistent proportion of the population present and thus allow direct statistical comparisons of abundance between treatments for the same habitat.…”

Section: (D ) Sampling Slugs and Snailsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invertebrates and vegetation of field margins adjacent to crops subject to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide–tolerant crops

Roy

Bohan

Haughton

et al. 2003

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

104

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The effects of management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) crops on adjacent field margins were assessed for 59 maize, 66 beet and 67 spring oilseed rape sites. Fields were split into halves, one being sown with a GMHT crop and the other with the equivalent conventional non-GMHT crop. Margin vegetation was recorded in three components of the field margins. Most differences were in the tilled area, with fewer smaller effects mirroring them in the verge and boundary. In spring oilseed rape fields, the cover, flowering and seeding of plants were 25%, 44% and 39% lower, respectively, in the GMHT uncropped tilled margins. Similarly, for beet, flowering and seeding were 34% and 39% lower, respectively, in the GMHT margins. For maize, the effect was reversed, with plant cover and flowering 28% and 67% greater, respectively, in the GMHT half. Effects on butterflies mirrored these vegetation effects, with 24% fewer butterflies in margins of GMHT spring oilseed rape. The likely cause is the lower nectar supply in GMHT tilled margins and crop edges. Few large treatment differences were found for bees, gastropods or other invertebrates. Scorching of vegetation by herbicide-spray drift was on average 1.6% on verges beside conventional crops and 3.7% beside GMHT crops, the difference being significant for all three crops.

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The effects of pesticides on species of non-target Heteroptera inhabiting cereal fields in southern England

Cited by 34 publications

References 21 publications

Linking agricultural practice to insect and bird populations: a historical study over three decades

Linking agricultural practice to insect and bird populations: a historical study over three decades

Invertebrate responses to the management of genetically modified herbicide–tolerant and conventional spring crops. II. Within-field epigeal and aerial arthropods

Invertebrates and vegetation of field margins adjacent to crops subject to contrasting herbicide regimes in the Farm Scale Evaluations of genetically modified herbicide–tolerant crops

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