The effects of physical and chemical preprocessing on the flowability of corn stover

Crawford, Nathan C.; Nagle, Nick; Sievers, David A.; Stickel, Jonathan J.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.12.015

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The types of shape of biomass particles were presented by Gil et al (2013). Knowledge of its mechanical properties is necessary for the design and efficient operation of equipment for handling, storage, and processing (Zulfigar et al 2006;Ganesan et al 2008;Wu et al 2011;Gil et al 2013;Crawford et al 2016;Oniszczuk et al 2016). The wide range of practical requirements and extensive literature review concerning the field were presented in previous papers by Stasiak et al (2015Stasiak et al ( , 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical characteristics of pine biomass of different sizes and shapes

et al. 2019

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In the present study, the mechanical properties of granular biomass of pine origin (sawdust, shavings, long shavings and pellets) were determined. The bulk and tapped densities were determined in a cylindrical chamber. The compacted density was measured, and the influence of the moisture content on this quantity was examined in a vane tester. The flowability and strength properties were determined using a direct shear tester (Jenike box) 210 mm in diameter and standard Schulze ring shear tester. The tests in the Jenike tester complied with the Eurocode 1 procedure for normal pressure (σ n) of 15 and 30 kPa and speed of shearing of 0.17 mm s −1. Ring shear testing was conducted using a Schulze annular shear cell of 195 mm outer diameter. Tests were performed for 10 and 20 kPa pre-shear σ n. A prototype vane tester was constructed for determining the torque, shear strength, and relaxation of a consolidated sample of granular biomass. σ n was exerted by a pneumatic system with a rubber air spring and yoke. The torque and density were measured for moisture content in the range of 10-50% and for σ n in the range of 5-30 kPa. The torque was observed to be affected by σ n and the moisture content, whereas no relationship between the torque and the rotational speed was observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical characteristics of pine biomass of different sizes and shapes

et al. 2019

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“…and Chen et al (2018) used the FT4 shear cell to study the flow of biomass and coal blends with and without a varying level of moisture. Crawford et al (2016) used it to study the effect of preprocessing of biomass and Léonard and Abatzoglou (2010) to investigate lubricated and unlubricated pharmaceutical powders. The FT4 shear cell was also used by Leung et al (2017) to investigate the flowability of pharmaceutical powders mainly driven by cohesion.…”

Section: Rotational Shear Testersmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Quasi-static to Intermediate Regimes in Shear Cell Devices: Theory and Characterisation

Francia

Yahia

Ocone

et al. 2021

KONA

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The design of new technology for processing and manufacturing particulate products requires understanding granular rheology over a broad range of conditions. Powders display a complex behaviour due to their ability to rearrange under stress, and as a result, granular flow is generally classified into three flow regimes, namely a quasi-static regime dominated by frictional contacts, an inertial regime dominated by collisional and kinematic stresses and an intermediate regime where the three sources of stress are important to establish a stress-strain rate relationship. Characterisation of the flowability is generally restricted to the flow initiation in quasi-static regime, even if, transition into inertial conditions is very common in practical applications involving the control of dense flows, such as powder handling, particle formation processes or additive manufacturing. This work presents a critical review of available techniques to characterise the departure from the quasi-static regime into an intermediate flow. We revise the application of shear cells and present different strategies to modify classic devices with external actuation, such as aeration, to operate at higher inertial numbers. We pay particular attention to innovative designs using aerated Couette flow configurations, highlight the complexity in the standardisation and the challenges in advancing towards a universal model.

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“…Guo et al [9] showed that the addition of biomass (rice straw and sawdust) to coal had no effects on cohesion strength but significantly increased internal friction. Additional research, using ground agricultural materials, include the studies by Littlefield et al [10], examining ground pecan shells, and Chevanan et al [11] and Crawford et al [12], examining pre-treated and wet corn stover.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flowability characterization of torrefied biomass powders: Static and dynamic testing

Pachón‐Morales

Colin

Casalinho

et al. 2020

Biomass and Bioenergy

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During the thermochemical valorization of biomass feedstock, the assessment of biomass powder flowability is essential for the design of feeding, storage, and handling systems. Biomass handling in valorization processes require powders to be characterized for both consolidated and static conditions, encountered in storage facilities, or under free-surface dynamic flow conditions, present in feeding systems. This paper evaluated the flow properties of two different sizes of raw, mildly and intensively torrefied poplar powders, using shear tests and the evaluation of avalanching behaviors, in a rotating drum. The size and shape descriptors showed that the particle size distributions and particle morphologies of the six samples were determined by the coupled effects of torrefaction intensity and the sieving stage. According to the shear test results, although flowability trends are stress-dependent, coarse powders have better flow properties than fine powders. A flowability ranking was established, based on the parameters extracted from the flow dynamics inside of a rotating drum, including the tendency to form particle clumps, upper angle of stability, irregularity of avalanches, and the fraction of revolution for avalanches. The relationships among the macroscopic flow parameters, obtained from both characterization techniques and the powder characteristics (particle mean size, shape, and polydispersity) were examined using adjusted correlations. Overall, intense torrefaction appears to improve the flow behaviors of powders, under both free and consolidated flow conditions.

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The effects of physical and chemical preprocessing on the flowability of corn stover

Cited by 44 publications

References 27 publications

Mechanical characteristics of pine biomass of different sizes and shapes

Mechanical characteristics of pine biomass of different sizes and shapes

From Quasi-static to Intermediate Regimes in Shear Cell Devices: Theory and Characterisation

Flowability characterization of torrefied biomass powders: Static and dynamic testing

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