The effects of porcine intestinal mucosa protein sources on nursery pig growth performance1

Abstract

Three studies were conducted to compare the effects of 4 different porcine intestinal mucosa products (PEP2, PEP2+, Peptone 50, and PEP-NS; TechMix Inc., Stewart, MN) with select menhaden fish meal (SMFM) on nursery pig performance. These intestine-derived mucosal ingredients are byproducts of heparin production, with a similar amount of mucosal protein, but differ based on the carriers with which they are co-dried. Enzymatically processed vegetable protein is the carrier for PEP2 whereas PEP2+ is co-dried with enzymatically processed vegetable proteins and biomass from crystalline AA production. Peptone 50 uses vegetable protein as its carrier while PEP-NS is co-dried with byproducts of corn wet milling and biomass from crystalline AA production. In Exp. 1, 300 weanling pigs (PIC 327 × 1050; initially 5.4 kg and 19 d of age) were allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 12 replications and 5 pigs per pen. Diets consisted of a negative control (NC) containing no specialty protein sources, NC with 4, 8, or 12% PEP2 in phases 1 (d 0 to 11) and 2 (d 11 to 25), and a positive control containing 4% spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP) in phase 1 and 4% SMFM in phase 2. From d 0 to 11, pigs fed SDAP had greater (P < 0.05) ADG and G:F than pigs fed PEP2. From d 11 to 25, increasing PEP2 increased (quadratic; P < 0.01) ADG and G:F, with the greatest response observed at 4%. In Exp. 2, 960 weanling pigs (Newsham GPK35 × PIC 380; initially 5.6 kg, and 20 d of age) were allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 32 pigs per pen and 6 replications per treatment. Diets included a control with 4.5% SDAP in phase 1 (d 0 to 7) and no specialty protein sources in phase 2 (d 7 to 21) or the control diet with 6% of the following: SMFM, PEP2+, Peptone 50, or PEP-NS. From d 0 to 21, pigs fed diets containing SMFM, PEP2+, or PEP-NS had greater (P < 0.05) ADG than pigs fed the control or 6% Peptone 50. In Exp. 3, 180 nursery pigs (PIC 327 × 1050; initially 6.4 kg and 28 d of age) were allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 5 pigs per pen and 6 replications per treatment. Treatment diets were fed from d 7 to 21 postweaning. Treatments consisted of a NC, NC with 3, 6, 9, or 12% PEP-NS, or NC with 6% SMFM. Overall, pigs fed increasing PEP-NS had improved (quadratic; P < 0.01) ADG and G:F, with the greatest improvement observed in pigs fed 6% PEP-NS, similar to those fed 6% SMFM. These results suggest PEP2, PEP2+, and PEP-NS can effectively replace SMFM in nursery pig diets.

“Porcine Digestible Peptides (Pdp) in Weanling Diets Improves Gut Barrier Function, Immune Response and Nutrient Transport in Nursery Pigs”&nbsp;

“…Consumption of feed containing the hydrolysates, PDP or SDP-PDP, enhanced the productive performance of piglets compared to their corresponding control group, and these groups were equivalent to the SDP group. This result is in accordance with other authors who also obtained similar growth performance by feeding PDP and SDP in early-weaned piglets [51]. Some research data have shown improved growth performance, feed intake and e ciency of animals fed PDP compared to other highquality protein sources like sh meal [46].…”

Effects of different protein sources completely replacing fish meal in low‐protein diet on growth performance, intestinal digestive physiology, and nitrogen digestion and metabolism in nursery pigs

“…In our study, pigs fed S50 and HP300, two sources of ESBM, had similar growth performance to fish meal, which was in agreement with Jeong and Kim () who found no differences on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal microflora in weaned pigs when HP300 replaced half of the fish meal in diets. In addition, no differences appeared in performance of pigs fed either CDCP, P50, or fish meal diets, which may be attributed to low FG content but readily digestible CP and AA in CDCP (unpublished data), and high levels of small peptides in P50 (Myers et al, ). Furthermore, all the diets in our study had similar DE and SID of lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan, which explain the reason for no differences among dietary treatments.…”

“…In our study, AID of CP in S50 and HP300 diets was greater than that in P50 diets, which was inconsistent with our expected results. P50 as a dried porcine soluble containing lots of peptides should own high protein digestibility in small intestine due to greater utilization of peptides than intact proteins and free amino acids (Myers et al, ). However, Mateos, Mohiti‐Asli, Borda, Mirzaie, and Frikha () reported that P50 as a popular DPS was produced by spraying the porcine mucosa hydrolysate into SBM carriers, which might contribute to low protein digestibility.…”

“…Researches indicate that enzyme‐treated SBM (ESBM) and DCP are promising alternatives to fish meal in pig and aquatic diets (Cervantes‐Pahm & Stein, ; Jeong & Kim, ; Lee, Dabrowski, Blom, Bai, & Stromberg, ). Additionally, it is reported that dried porcine solubles (DPS), a byproduct from heparin production, may serve as a substitute for fish meal in piglet diets (Jones et al, ; Myers et al, ; Zhang et al, ).…”

The dilemma of rare events: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in North America

“…In the USA, the Swine Health Protection Act (1980) regulates feeding of 'garbage' (defined as waste derived from meat or other animal materials) to pigs, which is legal only after heating the materials to 212 • F for 30 min, and under license. However, processed products of animal origin are legal and valuable components of swine diets, notably rendered products, spray dried porcine plasma (SDPP), hydrolyzed proteins that are byproducts of heparin extraction, and pet food byproducts (Cromwell, 2006;Jablonski, et al, 2006;Peace, et al, 2011;Myers, et al, 2014). The Animal Feed Safety System (AFSS) of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves feed additives; oversees regulatory compliance pertaining to feed manufacturing, labeling, storage, and distribution; and acts to remove unsafe feed from the marketplace.…”