The Effects of Psychological Trauma on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: a Research Review

Hoover, Daniel W.

doi:10.1007/s40489-015-0052-y

Cited by 76 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…These findings point to an important connection between mental health conditions and adversities in children with ASD that may shape their overall health and life trajectory (Kerns et al, 2015b). Future research should evaluate how improved understanding, screening, prevention and treatment of these issues, including the under-studied phenomena of adversity and trauma (Kerns et al, 2015b; Hoover, 2015), might reduce not only individual and family impairment, but also the societal impact of ASD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Report: Examining the Association of Autism and Adverse Childhood Experiences in the National Survey of Children’s Health: The Important Role of Income and Co-occurring Mental Health Conditions

Kerns

Newschaffer

Berkowitz

et al. 2017

J Autism Dev Disord

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are risk factors for mental and physical illness and more likely to occur for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present study aimed to clarify the contribution of poverty, intellectual disability and mental health conditions to this disparity. Data on child and family characteristics, mental health conditions and ACEs were analyzed in 67,067 youth from the 2011–2012 National Survey of Children’s Health. In an income-stratified sample, the association of ASD and ACEs was greater for lower income children and significantly diminished after controlling for child mental health conditions, but not intellectual disability. Findings suggest that the association of ACEs and ASD is moderated by family income and contingent on co-occurring mental health conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Report: Examining the Association of Autism and Adverse Childhood Experiences in the National Survey of Children’s Health: The Important Role of Income and Co-occurring Mental Health Conditions

Kerns

Newschaffer

Berkowitz

et al. 2017

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…Little is known regarding behavioral correlates of maltreatment exposure in ASD, which is essential for developing assessment and treatment approaches for traumatic stress in ASD (Brenner et al., ; Hoover, ; Kerns, Newschaffer, & Berkowitz, ). Children with ASD and abuse may show heightened behavioral difficulties, such as aggression, self‐injury, tantrums, and fears, compared to children with ASD without abuse (Howlin & Clements, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child maltreatment in autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: results from a population‐based sample

McDonnell

Boan

Bradley

et al. 2018

Child Psychology Psychiatry

157

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Background Children with developmental disabilities are at heightened risk for maltreatment. However, little is known regarding the prevalence of maltreatment among specific groups, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or intellectual disability (ID). Information about maltreatment in these groups can aid in the development of supports and prevention strategies for vulnerable children and their families. Methods Using record linkage between the Department of Social Services (DSS) and the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) network, this study compares the prevalence and characteristics of maltreatment among children with ASD‐only (n = 316), ASD and comorbid ID (ASD+ID; n = 291), ID‐only (n = 1,280), and controls (n = 3,101). Behavioral correlates of maltreatment are examined. Results Controlling for demographic factors, this study found significantly higher odds of reported and substantiated maltreatment among children with ASD‐only (odds ratio = 1.86 for reported, 1.51 for substantiated), ASD+ID (odds ratio = 2.35 for reported, 1.97 for substantiated), and ID‐only (odds ratio = 2.45 for reported, 2.49 for substantiated) relative to a population control group, with large effects. In particular, children with ASD+ID and ID‐only were between two and three times more likely to experience maltreatment. All groups were more likely to experience physical neglect, and children in the ASD+ID and ID‐only groups were more likely to experience all forms of abuse. Children in the ASD‐only group were more likely to experience physical abuse. Maltreated children in the ASD‐only and ID‐only groups experienced more cases of physical abuse and neglect, and were victimized by more perpetrators compared to other maltreated youth. Maltreatment was associated with higher likelihood of aggression, hyperactivity, and tantrums for children with ASD. Conclusions Children with ASD and/or ID are at heightened risk for maltreatment. Empirically‐supported assessment and intervention approaches for identifying and addressing traumatic stress related to maltreatment in ASD are urgently needed.

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“…It has been proposed that certain features of ASD symptomatology may predispose this population to an increased risk of trauma exposure and subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Hoover 2015;Haruvi-Lamdan et al 2017). The experience of traumatic life events for children and adolescents with ASD has been found to increase ASDrelated deficits in communication, daily living motor skills and socialisation, measured at 6 and 12 months post-trauma (Valenti et al 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretical papers exploring the association between ASD and PTSD suggest that the sociocognitive features of ASD, including deficits in theory of mind, executive functioning, global processing, emotional insight and cognitive flexibility, may impact peri-traumatic and post-traumatic processing, and appraisals of traumatic memories and their sequelae, thus increasing risk of PTSD development (King 2010;Kerns et al 2015). Although theoretical articles have outlined the possible links between ASD, trauma exposure and post-trauma outcomes Hoover 2015;Haruvi-Lamdan et al 2017), to date no systematic review of the literature has been conducted to collate current knowledge regarding the assessment or treatment of PTSD in individuals with ASD. This paper seeks to extend the literature by providing a comprehensive and systematic review of published original studies investigating PTSD in individuals with ASD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Assessment and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Rumball

2018

Rev J Autism Dev Disord

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Individual differences are known to influence the risk of trauma exposure and development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It has been suggested that features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may confer such risk. This article provides a systematic review of the assessment and treatment of PTSD in individuals with ASD, in addition to summarising the rates and presentation of PTSD within this population. Twenty-four studies met eligibility criteria. PTSD in children and adolescents was found to co-occur at a similar or greater rate compared to general population estimates, although current estimates come predominantly from treatment-seeking samples. Preliminary findings from case reports suggest traditional assessments and treatments for PTSD can be effective, although there is a shortage of well-controlled research.

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The Effects of Psychological Trauma on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: a Research Review

Cited by 76 publications

References 91 publications

Brief Report: Examining the Association of Autism and Adverse Childhood Experiences in the National Survey of Children’s Health: The Important Role of Income and Co-occurring Mental Health Conditions

Brief Report: Examining the Association of Autism and Adverse Childhood Experiences in the National Survey of Children’s Health: The Important Role of Income and Co-occurring Mental Health Conditions

Child maltreatment in autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: results from a population‐based sample

A Systematic Review of the Assessment and Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

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