The effects of PVAc treatment and organic solvent removal on δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

Giaccai, Jennifer A.; Cano, Nadia

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2011.07.024

Cited by 22 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…These findings support previous research which also found no effects of other consolidants or solvents on collagen stable isotope values (Moore et al, 1989;Tuross and Fogel, 1992;Takahashi et al, 2002;France et al, 2011).…”

Section: Average Phosphate Dsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…This study continues the work of France et al (2011) France et al (2011) with its associated hydroxyl groups. Paraloid and Butvar are very soluble in acetone and ethanol, respectively, which are the most commonly used solvents due to ready availability.…”

Section: N and Dsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…In general, collagen carbon and nitrogen isotopes appear unaffected by application of consolidants or solvents (Moore et al, 1989;Tuross and Fogel, 1992;Takahashi et al, 2002;France et al, 2011), except in cases where solvents are specifically chosen to remove lipids which tends to enrich carbon isotope values (Hobson et al, 1994;Hilderbrand et al, 1996;Hobson et al, 1997;Burton et al, 2001;Post, 2002). Very few studies have examined effects of consolidants and solvents on hydroxyapatite isotope values.…”

Section: N and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very few studies have examined effects of consolidants and solvents on hydroxyapatite isotope values. Oxygen in phosphates is unaffected by application and removal of PVAc, shellac, and cellulose nitrate (Stephan, 2000;France et al, 2011); carbon in structural carbonates is unaffected by application of PVAc (France et al, 2011). Oxygen in structural carbonates does experience alternation during PVAc application (France et al, 2011).…”

Section: N and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reference samples of Butvar-98, Paraloid B-72, and untreated bone were analyzed using FT-IR. From France et al (2011) it is estimated that B-72 concentrations >0.5% could be quantified using the prominent 1,722 cm 21 carbonyl peak.…”

Section: Fourier Transform-infrared Spectroscopy (Ft-ir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of Paraloid B‐72 and Butvar B‐98 treatment and organic solvent removal on δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and δ¹⁸O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

Giaccai

Doney

2015

American J Phys Anthropol

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Stable isotopes in bones are a powerful tool for diet, provenance, climate, and physiological reconstructions, but necessarily require well-preserved specimens unaltered by postmortem diagenesis or conservation practices. This study examines the effects of Paraloid B-72 and Butvar B-98, two common consolidants used in field and museum conservation, on δ(13)C, δ(15)N, and δ(18)O values from bone collagen and hydroxyapatite. The effects of solvent removal (100% acetone, 100% ethanol, 9:1 acetone:xylenes, 9:1 ethanol:xylenes) and drying methods (ambient air, vacuum, oven drying at 80°C) were also examined to determine if bones treated with these consolidants can successfully be cleaned and used for stable isotope analyses. Results show that introduction of Paraloid B-72 or Butvar B-98 in 100% acetone or 100% ethanol, respectively, with subsequent removal by the same solvents and drying at 80°C facilitates the most successful removal of consolidants and solvents. The δ(13)C values in collagen, δ(15)N in collagen, δ(18)O in hydroxyapatite phosphate, and δ(13)C in hydroxyapatite structural carbonate were unaltered by treatments with Paraloid or Butvar and subsequent solvent removal. The δ(18)O in hydroxyapatite structural carbonate showed nonsystematic variability when bones were treated with Paraloid and Butvar, which is hypothesized to be a result of hydroxyl exchange when bones are exposed to consolidants in solution. It is therefore recommended that δ(18)O in hydroxyapatite structural carbonate should not be used in stable isotope studies if bones have been treated with Paraloid or Butvar.

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Section: Average Phosphate Dsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: N and Dsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: N and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: N and Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fourier Transform-infrared Spectroscopy (Ft-ir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of Paraloid B‐72 and Butvar B‐98 treatment and organic solvent removal on δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and δ¹⁸O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

Giaccai

Doney

2015

American J Phys Anthropol

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A comparison of dietary isotopes in pulp stones and incremental dentine from Early Neolithic individuals of the Whitwell Long Cairn, England

Ostrum

Gröcke

Montgomery

2022

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Objectives: This study investigates if palaeodietary information can be obtained from pulp stones through stable isotope analysis, presents a method for their extraction from tooth samples, and assesses their utility as a source of paleodietary information when coupled with the incremental dentine method.Materials and Methods: Six tooth samples (2 per individual), four of which contained pulp stones, were selected from three Early Neolithic (3720-3650 cal BC) individuals from the Whitwell Long Cairn in Derbyshire, England. After demineralization, each tooth was divided into 1 mm increments. Stable isotope analysis of collagen was conducted on each dentine increment and a portion of each pulp stone.Results: All samples met the quality control criteria for well-preserved collagen.Excluding the pulp stones, the mean δ 13 C value of the teeth sampled was À21.5 ± 0.2‰ and the mean δ 15 N value was 9.9 ± 0.5‰, suggesting these individuals had a terrestrial-based diet. The pulp stones produced similar δ 13 C values between À21.6 and À21.4‰ and δ 15 N values between 9.1 and 9.8‰. Discussion:The results demonstrate that paleodietary information can be obtained from pulp stones through stable isotope analysis. There are, however, significant challenges in interpreting this data, particularly as to inferring the timing and duration of their formation. The pulp stone results were compared with the incremental dentine profiles for each person to further investigate when they might have formed. For two individuals, the pulp stones appear to reflect diet from a time period after childhood and adolescence. For the third individual, it could not be determined if the pulp stones reflect a contemporary or later time period than the incremental dentine series. All teeth with pulp stones have moderate to severe wear on the occlusal surface, which could have been a contributing factor to their development.

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Child and adolescent diet in Late Roman Gaul: An investigation of incremental dietary stable isotopes in tooth dentine

Avery

Brickley

Findlay

et al. 2021

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Incremental analysis of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes in tooth dentine is used to explore child and adolescent diet among individuals in the Late Roman Michelet Necropolis (Lisieux, France; fourth to fifth centuries CE). We analyzed 292 incremental sections from 46 second and third molars to explore dietary patterns between the ages of 4.5 and 23.5 years. Results indicate that individuals consumed more, or higher trophic level, terrestrial-based animal proteins as they aged. Sex-based comparisons also suggest that males and females consumed isotopically similar diets for most of their childhood; however, around age 16.5, males exhibited significantly lower δ 15 N values than females with a large effect size (U = 21.0, p = 0.012, g = 1.3). This difference in diet occurs during an important age-based social change in the Roman life course, as individuals transitioned from childhood (pueritia) to adolescence (adulescentia). When the isotopic data are combined with literary and archaeological evidence, it suggests that this was the point when men and women diverged in their life course trajectories. Young men were expected to begin apprenticeships or military duty away from home, whereas women were kept close to their family home at this age. The isotopic results suggest these gendered experiences may have influenced dietary choices or access to foods at Lisieux-Michelet. The results of this study demonstrate the utility of using permanent dentition in adult remains to explore childhood experiences and provide new insights into child and adolescent diet and gendered experiences in the context of the Late Roman Empire.

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The effects of PVAc treatment and organic solvent removal on δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

The effects of Paraloid B‐72 and Butvar B‐98 treatment and organic solvent removal on δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and δ¹⁸O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

The effects of Paraloid B‐72 and Butvar B‐98 treatment and organic solvent removal on δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and δ¹⁸O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

A comparison of dietary isotopes in pulp stones and incremental dentine from Early Neolithic individuals of the Whitwell Long Cairn, England

Child and adolescent diet in Late Roman Gaul: An investigation of incremental dietary stable isotopes in tooth dentine

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The effects of PVAc treatment and organic solvent removal on δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

The effects of Paraloid B‐72 and Butvar B‐98 treatment and organic solvent removal on δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

The effects of Paraloid B‐72 and Butvar B‐98 treatment and organic solvent removal on δ13C, δ15N, and δ18O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

A comparison of dietary isotopes in pulp stones and incremental dentine from Early Neolithic individuals of the Whitwell Long Cairn, England

Child and adolescent diet in Late Roman Gaul: An investigation of incremental dietary stable isotopes in tooth dentine

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Product

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The effects of Paraloid B‐72 and Butvar B‐98 treatment and organic solvent removal on δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and δ¹⁸O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone

The effects of Paraloid B‐72 and Butvar B‐98 treatment and organic solvent removal on δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and δ¹⁸O values of collagen and hydroxyapatite in a modern bone