The effects of pyrolysis temperature and ion-exchanged metals on the composition of brown coal tars produced in a fluidized-bed reactor

Vernaglia, Brian A.; Wornat, Mary J.; Li, Chun hu; Nelson, Peter F.

doi:10.1016/s0082-0784(96)80175-5

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…2-8 also reveal some results peculiar to the high-pressure toluene pyrolysis environment. For example, unlike results observed for toluene [17] or other fuels [28][29][30][31] at atmospheric pressure, Fig. 3 reveals that in the supercritical toluene experiments, yields of anthracene exceed those of its C 14 H 10 isomer phenanthrene.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…6) over its C 22 H 12 isomer indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (Fig. 5) are also results peculiar to this high-pressure environment and contrary to observations in atmospheric-pressure pyrolysis systems [22,[28][29][30][31]. These differences in relative abundances within isomer families suggest that the mechanisms for PAH formation in the high-pressure environment differ from those in atmospheric-pressure environments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Gas-phase toluene pyrolysis has been investigated by several researchers [16][17][18][19], but little is known about the pyrolysis of toluene under supercritical conditions. Likewise, most research on PAH formation pertains to the gas phase [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]; little has been done under supercritical conditions. Our supercritical toluene pyrolysis experiments make use of the reactor designed by Davis [36] and used by Stewart et al [4,14] for supercritical pyrolysis experiments with other model fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of pressure on the yields of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced during the supercritical pyrolysis of toluene

Ledesma

Wornat

Felton

et al. 2005

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of pressure on the yields of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced during the supercritical pyrolysis of toluene

Ledesma

Wornat

Felton

et al. 2005

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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“…The char has a polycyclic aromatic structure [33]. The route is dominated by the inter and intramolecular reorganization of the molecular structure, which results in higher thermal stability and filigree of residue [34]. The formation of benzene rings and the grouping of rings is the main mechanism in this pathway.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Char Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of the Pyrolyzer Reactors and Advanced Technologies for Biomass Pyrolysis Processing

et al. 2021

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In the future, renewable energy technologies will have a significant role in catering to energy security concerns and a safe environment. Among the various renewable energy sources available, biomass has high accessibility and is considered a carbon-neutral source. Pyrolysis technology is a thermo-chemical route for converting biomass to many useful products (biochar, bio-oil, and combustible pyrolysis gases). The composition and relative product yield depend on the pyrolysis technology adopted. The present review paper evaluates various types of biomass pyrolysis. Fast pyrolysis, slow pyrolysis, and advanced pyrolysis techniques concerning different pyrolyzer reactors have been reviewed from the literature and are presented to broaden the scope of its selection and application for future studies and research. Slow pyrolysis can deliver superior ecological welfare because it provides additional bio-char yield using auger and rotary kiln reactors. Fast pyrolysis can produce bio-oil, primarily via bubbling and circulating fluidized bed reactors. Advanced pyrolysis processes have good potential to provide high prosperity for specific applications. The success of pyrolysis depends strongly on the selection of a specific reactor as a pyrolyzer based on the desired product and feedstock specifications.

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“…Since PAH emissions 14,15 from coal are the products of pyrolysis reactions, it is reasonable to compare the identified nine PAH with PAH products from coal pyrolysis. Years of experience in this field tell us that it is [16][17][18][19][20] most unusual to have the nine specified PAH without a host of other product species in the sample as well. Figure 3-28, for example, shows an HPLC chromatogram of PAH from the pyrolysis of a low-rank coal.…”

Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic substances form coal combustion--a co prehemsice assessment

Huggins¹,

Huffman²,

Shah³

1997

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The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 identify a number of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) as candidates for regulation. Should regulations be imposed on HAP emissions from coal-fired power plants, a sound understanding of the fundamental principles controlling the formation and partitioning of toxic species during coal combustion will be needed. With support from the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC), the Electric Power Research Institute, and VTT (Finland), Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) has teamed with researchers from USGS, MIT, the University of Arizona (UA), the University of Kentucky (UKy), the University of Connecticut, and Princeton University to develop a broadly applicable emissions model useful to regulators and utility planners. The new Toxics Partitioning Engineering Model (ToPEM) will be applicable to all combustion conditions including new fuels and coal blends, low-NO combustion systems, x and new power generation plants. Development of ToPEM will be based on PSI's existing Engineering Model for Ash Formation (EMAF). During the last quarter coal analysis was completed on the final program coal, from the Wyodak Seam of the Powder River Basin. Combustion testing continued, including data collected on the self-sustained combustor at UA. Data from PSI and MIT were used to identify the governing mechanisms for trace element vaporization from the program coals. Mercury speciation and measurements were continued. Review of the existing trace element and organics emissions literature was completed. And, model development was begun.iv A description of the work plan for accomplishing these objectives is presented in Section 2.1 of this report.The work discussed in this report highlights the accomplishments of the sixth quarter of this program. These accomplishments include completion of standard coal analysis on the final Phase I program coal. The selective leaching work, to determine the forms of occurrence of various trace elements, was completed for the three bituminous coals. Data from the combustion zone experiments at PSI and MIT were analyzed to explore the observed differences between the two facilities and to determine the dominant mechanisms for trace element vaporization. The review of the existing trace element and organics emissions data from power plants was completed. Two major combustion experiments were completed on the self-sustained reactor at UA. Finally, work was begun to identify the models, and model parameters, required for ToPEM development, and how these models can be incorporated into the existing Engineering Model for Ash Formation (EMAF) Specifically, in the last quarter the trace element concentration analysis was completed for the Wyodak coal. This analysis indicated that the concentrations of trace elements in this coal are within the range of the bituminous coals in this program, with the exception of arsenic. The concentration of this element, and that of chromium, is much lower than was found in the other program coals. The CCSEM analysis of this coal are ...

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The effects of pyrolysis temperature and ion-exchanged metals on the composition of brown coal tars produced in a fluidized-bed reactor

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

The effects of pressure on the yields of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced during the supercritical pyrolysis of toluene

The effects of pressure on the yields of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons produced during the supercritical pyrolysis of toluene

Progress of the Pyrolyzer Reactors and Advanced Technologies for Biomass Pyrolysis Processing

Toxic substances form coal combustion--a co prehemsice assessment

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