The effects of realistic pancake solenoids on particle transport

Abstract

5Solenoids are widely used to transport or focus particle beams. Usually, they are assumed as being ideal 6 solenoids with a high axial-symmetry magnetic field. Using the Vector Field Opera program, we modeled 7 asymmetrical solenoids with realistic geometry defects, caused by finite conductor and current jumpers. 8Their multipole magnetic components were analyzed with the Fourier fit method; we present some 9 possible optimized methods for them. We also discuss the effects of "realistic" solenoids on low energy 10 particle transport. The finding in this paper may be applicable to some lower energy particle transport 11 system design. 12

Electron lenses in RHIC: status and prospects

“…For the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider [7], two electron lenses were designed and built [8][9][10][11][12][13] for the primary purpose of head-on beam-beam compensation in proton-proton collisions [14,15]. One of the lenses was later converted to a hollow lens for tests of transverse halo removal [16], in collaboration with CERN and FNAL.…”