The effects of salinity on dry matter partitioning and fruit growth in tomatoes grown in nutrient film culture

Ehret, David L.; Ho, L. C.

doi:10.1080/14620316.1986.11515714

Cited by 177 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The differences in pulp firmness seen between the growing seasons may be a consequence of the EC and/or the degree of shading provided. Several authors (Ehret and Ho, 1986;Adams and Ho, 1992;Petersen et al,1998) have attributed a higher ºBrix and pulp firmness to a higher EC of the soil solution, but this was not the case in the present work in either growing season.…”

Section: Augcontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Growers often increase the EC by applying salts and/or inducing drought stress before harvest to enhance the sweetness of their fruit (Ehret and Ho, 1986;Adams and Ho, 1992); this can limit vegetative growth but it improves fruit sweetness (Awang et al, 1993;Sato et al, 2006). Petersen et al (1998) reported that tomatoes hydroponically-produced with an NaCl-enriched nutrient solution were associated with a greater consumer preference and increased sweetness and flavour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of shading with aluminised screens on fruit production and quality in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions

Callejón-Ferre¹,

Manzano-Agugliaro

Díaz-Pérez

et al. 2009

Span. j. agric. res.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of using aluminised screens offering different degrees of shading on the production and quality of tomato cv Atlético crops grown under greenhouse conditions. The study was performed in an Almería-type "raspa and amagado" commercial greenhouse with an area of 10,000 m 2 . The covering material was heat-insulating polyethylene (200 µm thick). The passive ventilation area of the greenhouse was 14%. Transplantation of the plantlets into the sandy mulch soil of the greenhouse was performed to leave a density of 1.78 plants m -2 . Plants were grown under extendable aluminised screens offering 40% (T40), 50% (T50) and 60% (T60) shading, as well as under traditional whitewashing conditions (control). The screens were used during the middle hours of the day in summer with a view to reducing radiation, and at night in autumn and winter to prevent the loss of heat via outgoing long-wave infrared radiation. Only the T60 treatment returned significantly different results compared to the control: the T60 fruit had a lower ºBrix but were firmer in both growing seasons.Additional key words: Brix degrees, climate control, firmness, fruit weight, pH, whitewashing. ResumenEfecto del sombreo mediante pantallas aluminizadas sobre la producción y calidad de fruto en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) bajo invernaderoEl propósito del presente trabajo fue evaluar la posible ventaja del uso de las pantallas aluminizadas con diferentes proporciones de sombreo, sobre los principales atributos de producción y calidad en cultivo de tomate cv Atlético bajo invernadero. El estudio se realizó en un invernadero comercial tipo Almería de "raspa y amagado" de 10,000 m 2 . El material de la cubierta fue polietileno termoaislante de 200 µm de grosor y con un 14% de ventilación pasiva. El transplante se realizó en suelo arenado a una densidad de 1,78 plantas m -2 . El estudio comparó el uso de pantallas aluminizadas extensibles del 40% (T40), 50% (T50) y 60% (T60) de sombreo frente al testigo (encalado tradicional). Se utilizaron en los meses de verano durante las horas centrales del día con el objetivo de reducir la radiación y, en otoño e invierno, durante la noche para evitar la pérdida de temperatura por radiación infrarroja de onda larga. Tan sólo con T60 se obtuvieron diferencias significativas respecto del testigo, en ambas campañas, en cuanto a menor ºBrix y mayor firmeza del fruto. Un mayor sombreo produjo mayor firmeza y menor cantidad de sólidos solubles (ºBrix) en frutos.

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Section: Augcontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of shading with aluminised screens on fruit production and quality in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions

Callejón-Ferre¹,

Manzano-Agugliaro

Díaz-Pérez

et al. 2009

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…On the other hand, neither the fruit strength (sink activity), nor the quantity of photoassimilates imported by the fruit were affected by a high EC and by a reduction in water absorption [57,84,85]. Under an EC of 6 mS⋅cm -1 , biomass and dry matter partitioning among fruit (52%), vegetative parts (44%) and roots (4%) were not affected [57,84]. Nevertheless, an EC of 10 mS⋅cm -1 reduced plant dry weight by 19% as compared to an EC of 2 mS⋅cm -1 , but did not necessarily influence dry matter partitioning [57].…”

Section: Photosynthesis Dry Matter Accumulation and Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abnormal photosynthetic responses to irradiance, such as hysteresis, photosynthetic depression under high radiation and oscillation, are induced or promoted by high ECs [192]. On the other hand, neither the fruit strength (sink activity), nor the quantity of photoassimilates imported by the fruit were affected by a high EC and by a reduction in water absorption [57,84,85]. Under an EC of 6 mS⋅cm -1 , biomass and dry matter partitioning among fruit (52%), vegetative parts (44%) and roots (4%) were not affected [57,84].…”

Section: Photosynthesis Dry Matter Accumulation and Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of electric conductivity management on greenhouse tomato yield and fruit quality

2001

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-The osmotic and ionic effects of the electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution and its interactions with climatic factors and cultural practices on tomato yield and fruit quality are reviewed. Adjusting the salinity of the nutrient solution allows growers to modify water availability to the crop and hence improve fruit quality. At some point, however, increases in salinity limit marketable yield. Under high ECs, fruit size is inversely related to EC while the dry matter content of the fruit is linearly increased by the EC. The exact rate of yield decline varies with interactions between cultivars, environmental factors, composition of the nutrient solution, and crop management. According to different studies and growth conditions, salinities higher than 2.3-5.1 mS⋅cm -1 result in an undesirable yield reduction, while ECs of 3.5-9.0 mS⋅cm -1 improve tomato fruit quality. Manipulating the indoor climate such as humidity, temperature and ambient CO 2 level may offset the negative effect of high salinity on yield and fruit quality such as blossom-end rot. The light intensity received by the plant directly affects the quantity of photoassimilates available to the fruit, it also increases their sugar: acid ratio, and influences the transpiration rate and the water uptake by the plant, which in turn, affect the EC around the root. Increasing the EC with NaCl reduces titratable acids, potassium and nitrogen in the fruit but also increases their sodium content. NaCl enhances the sweetness of tomato fruit and improves the overall flavour intensity. Depending upon the composition of the saline solution, ion toxicities or nutritional deficiencies may arise because of a predominance of specific ion or competition effects among cations and anions. Keeping the proper nutrient levels and ratios between all the nutrients in the root environment for each growth stage of a crop should be targeted in order to achieve high yields and high quality products throughout the cropping season. Several EC and fertigation management regimes could improve fruit quality and are presented in this review.Lycopersicon esculentum / tomato / electrical conductivity / salinity / fruit quality / greenhouse Résumé -Influence de la régie de la conductivité électrique de la solution nutritive sur le rendement et la qualité de la tomate de serre. Cette revue de littérature porte sur les effets osmotiques et ioniques de la conductivité électrique (CE) de la solution nutritive et de ses liens avec les facteurs climatiques et culturaux sur le rendement et la qualité de la tomate de serre. L'ajustement de la salinité de la solution nutritive permet aux producteurs de modifier la disponibilité en eau pour la plante de façon à contrôler la qualité des fruits. Cependant, des salinités élevées affectent le rendement vendable. Sous une haute CE, le calibre des fruits est inversement relié à la CE alors que le contenu en matière sèche des fruits augmente linéairement avec la CE. Le taux de réduction du rendement varie selon les interactions e...

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“…TA and o Brix were two important traits for improvement of fruit quality, which could be improved by application of nigari. Ehret & Ho (1986) stated that plant under salinity accumulated less water and have a reduced water uptake that improved fruit quality in tomato. Nigari contained some amount of Na + that might have created mild-salinity and it decreased water uptake of the plants.…”

Section: Fruit Quality Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Content and Quality of Fruits as Affected by Nigari, an Effluent of Salt Industries, and Fruit Ages of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

Rahman¹,

Inden²

2012

JAS

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Nigari, an effluent of salt industries, is less expensive fertilizer. Without testing its effect on bioactive substances, it may not be suitable for fertilizer. Greenhouse trials were conducted over two years to evaluate antioxidant content, fruit quality, yield, and mineral contents in fruits and leaves of sweet pepper 'Papri new-E-red' by application of three nigari concentrations at 0, 2 and 4 mL L -1 and additional N P K to equal the standard. Capsaicin, β-carotene, ascorbic acid, fruit quality attributes, and fruit mineral compositions were evaluated at five different ages of fruits at 25 Days after fruit set (DFS), 35 DFS, 45 DFS, 55 DFS, and 65 DFS. Results revealed that capsaicin, β-carotene, ascorbic acid, fruit quality, and mineral contents in fruits and leaves of sweet pepper increased with increasing rate of nigari compared to the control. Furthermore, capsaicin, and β-carotene increased linearly with the advancement of fruit ages, but not ascorbic acid. Exceptionally, ascorbic acid increased until the turning of fruit maturity at 45 DFS and after that decreased drastically. Total soluble solid ( o Brix) and titratable acidity (TA) were higher at 45 DFS, although an increasing trend was found for most of the mineral contents with maturing fruits. We concluded that a higher amount of antioxidant and improved fruit quality with higher yield and moderate mineral contents in fruits could be achieved by application of 2 mL L -1 nigari to sweet pepper in soilless culture. We can also suggest harvesting sweet pepper fruits between 45 to 55 DFS.

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The effects of salinity on dry matter partitioning and fruit growth in tomatoes grown in nutrient film culture

Cited by 177 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of shading with aluminised screens on fruit production and quality in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions

Effect of shading with aluminised screens on fruit production and quality in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under greenhouse conditions

Influence of electric conductivity management on greenhouse tomato yield and fruit quality

Antioxidant Content and Quality of Fruits as Affected by Nigari, an Effluent of Salt Industries, and Fruit Ages of Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

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