The effects of season and hydrologic and chemical loading on nitrate retention in constructed wetlands: a comparison of low- and high-nutrient riverine systems

Spieles, Douglas J.; Mitsch, William J.

doi:10.1016/s0925-8574(99)00021-x

Cited by 245 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Inflow TP concentration was also varied from the inflow TP concentration of the LCWN by ± 2 orders of magnitude, which did not significantly influence percent TP removal in the wetland model when the inflow TP concentration was higher than 0.12 g m -3 as shown in Figure 5. Inflow TP concentration of 0.12 g m -3 is usually regarded a low-P condition as in the river inflow of the ORW (Spieles and Mitsch, 2000). Most treatment wetlands are found to have higher inflow TP concentrations than 0.12 g m -3 (Kadlec and Knight, 1996).…”

Section: Simulation Results -Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wetlands are fed by the Olentangy River. Nairn and Mitsch (2000) and Spieles and Mitsch (2000) described phosphorus and nitrogen retention in these experimental basins in detail.…”

Section: Olentangy River Wetland (Orw)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Licking County Wetland (LCW), located near Kirkersville, Ohio, was constructed in 1995 for the tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater effluent from the Southwest Licking Community Water and Sewer District treatment plant (Mitsch and Metzker, 1996;and Spieles and Mitsch, 2000). The wetland site consists of two 3.2 ha basins built on alluvial, previously farmed soils which discharge water into the South Fork of the Licking River, a second order stream.…”

Section: Licking County Wetland (Lcw)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knight (1990) recommended a rate of 2.5 to 5 cm day -1 for surface water systems. The rate of 5-10 cm day -1 was also maintained for the ORW and LCW since they were constructed (Spieles and Mitsch, 2000). Therefore, we chose 5 cm day -1 as target inflow loading rate, one of the design parameters for this pilot-scale wetland, and ran the model while varying the value within a reasonable range from 2.5 to 15 cm day -1 .…”

Section: Simulations For the Pilot-scale Wetland With A Fgd Linermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the use of recycled coal combustion products in constructed wetlands: an ecologic-economic modeling approach

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Section: Simulation Results -Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wetlands are fed by the Olentangy River. Nairn and Mitsch (2000) and Spieles and Mitsch (2000) described phosphorus and nitrogen retention in these experimental basins in detail.…”

Section: Olentangy River Wetland (Orw)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Licking County Wetland (Lcw)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulations For the Pilot-scale Wetland With A Fgd Linermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the use of recycled coal combustion products in constructed wetlands: an ecologic-economic modeling approach

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2002

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“…However, Kadlec and Knight (1996) depicted that BOD removal rate higher than 70 % could only be obtained at the hydraulic retention time over 1.7days for gravel packedbed constructed wetlands. Meanwhiles, the size and the porosity of gravels were normally between 20 mm and 200 mm and between 30 % and 40 %, respectively Kadlec and Knight, 1996;Spieles and Mitsch, 1999;Fan and Wang, 2006;Yu et al, 2006). Since Taiwan's Environmental Protection Administration (TWEPA) has been actively propagating the natural and ecological treatment techniques for the purification of river water, a new-built gravel contact oxidation treatment system was selected for study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of polluted river water by a gravel contact oxidation system constructed under riverbed

Juang

Tsai

Liu³

et al. 2008

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the treatment efficiency of a gravel contact oxidation treatment system which was newly constructed under the riverbed of Nan-men Stream located at the Shin Chu City of Taiwan. The influent and effluent water samples were taken periodically for the analyses of pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, five-day biological oxygen demand, NH 4 + -N. The results showed that the average removal rates of five-day biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids and NH 4 + -N were 33.6% (between -6.7% and 82.1%), 56.3% (between -83.0% and 93.4%) and 10.7% (between -13.0% and 83.3%), respectively. The calculated mean first order reaction rate constant for five-day biological oxygen demand was 4.58/day with a standard deviation of 4.07/day and for NH 4 + -N was 2.15/day with a standard deviation of 5.68/day. Therefore, it could be said that this gravel-contact-oxidation system could effectively remove biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, and NH 4 + -N in river water at a relatively short hydraulic retention time, although its pollutant treatment efficiency was not quite stable. However, to reach better or more stable treatment efficiency, aeration might sometimes be necessary to increase the dissolved oxygen in influent river water. And, longer hydraulic retention time of the system might also be required to increase NH 4 + -N removal efficiency.

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Biogeochemical hotspots: Role of small water bodies in landscape nutrient processing

Cheng

Basu

2017

Water Resources Research

193

157

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Increased loading of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from agricultural and urban intensification has led to severe degradation of inland and coastal waters. Lakes, reservoirs, and wetlands (lentic systems) retain these nutrients, thus regulating their delivery to downstream waters. While the processes controlling N and P retention are relatively well-known, there is a lack of quantitative understanding of how these processes manifest across spatial scales. We synthesized data from 600 lentic systems around the world to gain insight into the relationship between hydrologic and biogeochemical controls on nutrient retention. Our results indicate that the first-order reaction rate constant, k [T 21 ], is inversely proportional to the hydraulic residence time, s [T], across 6 orders of magnitude in residence time for total N, total P, nitrate, and phosphate. We hypothesized that the consistency of the relationship points to a strong hydrologic control on biogeochemical processing, and validated our hypothesis using a sediment-water model that links major nutrient removal processes with system size. Finally, the k-s relationships were upscaled to the landscape scale using a wetland size-frequency distribution. Results suggest that small wetlands play a disproportionately large role in landscape-scale nutrient processing-50% of nitrogen removal occurs in wetlands smaller than 10 2.5 m 2 in our example. Thus, given the same loss in wetland area, the nutrient retention potential lost is greater when smaller wetlands are preferentially lost from the landscape. Our study highlights the need for a stronger focus on small lentic systems as major nutrient sinks in the landscape. Plain Language Summary Excess nutrient pollution from intensive fertilizer use and farming operations poses an increasing threat to water quality worldwide. Lakes, streams, and wetlands restrict the movement of nutrients, and thus protect downstream waters. We have a limited understanding, however, of how removal processes are affected by the size and type of the water body. Based on a synthesis of data from lakes, reservoirs, and wetlands worldwide, we found that smaller water bodies tend to have higher nutrient removal rates. We applied our findings to the landscape scale and found that for the same wetland area lost, the loss of small wetlands corresponds to a greater loss in wetland nutrient removal potential. Such findings are significant to wetland protection and restoration efforts, which have historically focused on maximizing total wetland area rather than on preserving a distribution of different wetlands sizes within a landscape.

show abstract

The effects of season and hydrologic and chemical loading on nitrate retention in constructed wetlands: a comparison of low- and high-nutrient riverine systems

Cited by 245 publications

References 37 publications

Evaluating the use of recycled coal combustion products in constructed wetlands: an ecologic-economic modeling approach

Evaluating the use of recycled coal combustion products in constructed wetlands: an ecologic-economic modeling approach

Treatment of polluted river water by a gravel contact oxidation system constructed under riverbed

Biogeochemical hotspots: Role of small water bodies in landscape nutrient processing

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