The Effects of Secretory IgA in the Mucosal Immune System

Li, Yue; Jin, Liang; Chen, Tongxin

doi:10.1155/2020/2032057

Cited by 190 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Regarding adaptive immunity, a downregulation of the epithelial polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) has been observed in COPD patients 81 . PIgR is essential for generation of mucosal sIgA, an effective virus‐neutralizing molecule, 82 and its reduction was positively correlated with COPD's severity 81 . On another front, CD8 + T cells are critical for respiratory viral clearance and provide protection against secondary infections 83 .…”

Section: Immune Dysfunction In Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‐19 Susceptibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Olloquequi

2020

Eur J Clin Investigation

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In the middle of December 2019, Chinese health authorities detected a series of pneumonia cases caused by an unknown agent in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province. The causative agent was soon identified as a new strain of human-infecting coronavirus, 1 firstly named 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and later renamed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The infection disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), varied from asymptomatic or common cold-like symptoms such as dry cough, fever and tiredness to severe dyspnoea and respiratory failure. 2 This initial outbreak alarmingly spread through China and other countries, and barely three months later, the World Health Organization (WHO) formally declared COVID-19 a global pandemic. 3

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Section: Immune Dysfunction In Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID‐19 Susceptibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Olloquequi

2020

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…Among the production of mucosal antibodies, particularly IgA, by tissue-resident B cells is key to controlling the composition of the microbiome (24). IgA is the dominant antibody isotype in the mucosal immune system, which widely exists in the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, vaginal tract, tears, saliva, and colostrum (25). Immune exclusion is the primary mechanism by which secretory low-affinity IgA (sIgA) blocks microorganisms from attaching to mucosal epithelial cells, thereby preventing colonization, damage, and subsequent invasion (26).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal IgA Prevents Commensal Candida albicans Dysbiosis in the Oral Cavity

2020

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The fungus Candida albicans colonizes the oral mucosal surface of 30-70% of healthy individuals. Due to local or systemic immunosuppression, this commensal fungus is able to proliferate resulting in oral disease, called oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). However, in healthy individuals C. albicans causes no harm. Unlike humans mice do not host C. albicans in their mycobiome. Thus, oral fungal challenge generates an acute immune response in a naive host. Therefore, we utilized C. albicans clinical isolates which are able to persist in the oral cavity without causing disease to analyze adaptive responses to oral fungal commensalism. We performed RNA sequencing to determine the transcriptional host response landscape during C. albicans colonization. Pathway analysis revealed an upregulation of adaptive host responses due to C. albicans oral persistence, including the upregulation of the immune network for IgA production. Fungal colonization increased cross-specific IgA levels in the saliva and the tongue, and IgA + cells migrated to foci of fungal colonization. Binding of IgA prevented fungal epithelial adhesion and invasion resulting in a dampened proinflammatory epithelial response. Besides CD19 + CD138 − B cells, plasmablasts, and plasma cells were enriched in the tongue of mice colonized with C. albicans suggesting a potential role of B lymphocytes during oral fungal colonization. B cell deficiency increased the oral fungal load without causing severe OPC. Thus, in the oral cavity B lymphocytes contribute to control commensal C. albicans carriage by secreting IgA at foci of colonization thereby preventing fungal dysbiosis.

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“…27 Inflammation in the nasal mucosa drives epithelial denudation, up-regulation of plateletactivating factor receptor (PAFr) and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) on epithelial cells, resulting in increased adherence of pneumococci and evasion of the nasal mucosal surface. [33][34][35][36] These observations highlight the important association, clinical and epidemiological, between virally induced inflammation in the URT and the pneumococcus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Influenza-like illness is associated with high pneumococcal carriage density in Malawian children

Nyazika

Law

Swarthout

et al. 2020

Journal of Infection

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Background: High pneumococcal carriage density is a risk factor for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and transmission, but factors that increase pneumococcal carriage density are still unclear. Methods: We undertook a cross-sectional study to evaluate the microbial composition, cytokine levels and pneumococcal carriage densities in samples from children presenting with an influenza-like illness (ILI) and asymptomatic healthy controls (HC). Results: The proportion of children harbouring viral organisms (Relative risk (RR) 1.4, p = 0.0222) or ≥ 4 microbes at a time (RR 1.9, p < 0.0 0 01), was higher in ILI patients than HC. ILI patients had higher IL-8 levels in nasal aspirates than HC (median [IQR], 265.7 [0-452.3] vs. 0 [0-127.3] pg/ml; p = 0.0154). Having an ILI was associated with higher pneumococcal carriage densities compared to HC (RR 4.2, p < 0.0 0 01). Conclusion: These findings suggest that children with an ILI have an increased propensity for high pneumococcal carriage density. This could in part contribute to increased susceptibility to IPD and transmission in the community.

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The Effects of Secretory IgA in the Mucosal Immune System

Cited by 190 publications

References 72 publications

COVID‐19 Susceptibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

COVID‐19 Susceptibility in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Mucosal IgA Prevents Commensal Candida albicans Dysbiosis in the Oral Cavity

Influenza-like illness is associated with high pneumococcal carriage density in Malawian children

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