“…With its popularity, a substantial body of research on service-learning in higher education has suggested evidence of its positive impact on students’ cognitive and affective development. Previous studies have demonstrated that service-learning enhances cognitive development, such as students’ academic performance (Fredericksen, 2000 ; Markus et al, 1993 ) as well as personal and social development such as social responsibility (Kolenko et al, 1996 ), self-efficacy (Tucker & McCarthy, 2001 ), belongings to school and community (Soria et al, 2019 ), career development (Boru, 2017 ) problem solving, and communication skill (Tucker et al, 1998 ; Weiler et al, 2013 ).…”