The effects of shelterwood density and site preparation on natural regeneration of Fagus sylvatica in southern Sweden

Agestam, Eric; Ekö, Per Magnus; Nilsson, Urban; Welander, N. T.

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(02)00277-3

Cited by 77 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Biological impacts of soil preparation on the development of a stand, similar to the results of this study, have been widely described in earlier studies. According to Saksa et al (1990), Agestam et al (2003) and Lorenzetti et al (2008), for instance, revealing mineral soil increases establishment of hardwoods. However, revealing mineral soil is not that important for growth of planted spruce seedlings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil preparation method on economic result of Norway spruce regeneration chain

Uotila

Rantala

Saksa³

et al. 2010

Silva Fenn.

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Economic result of forest regeneration chains, based either on spot mounding or on disc trenching and planting of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) seedlings, were clarified and compared to each other. First, effects of soil preparation method on early development of Norway spruce stands were measured from field experiments. Second, the effects of soil preparation method on stand level management programs were modelled. The modelling was based on growth simulation and investment calculations. The soil preparation methods substantially affected early development of a stand. The density of the removed trees in early cleaning was 56% higher on the disc-trenched area compared to the spot-mounded area. The difference was especially high (120%), close by (<25 cm) the remained spruce seedlings. There was also a difference between the methods in the growth of crop spruces; at biological age of 8 years, the mean height of spruce was 110 cm on the spot-mounded area and 68 cm on the disc-trenched area. The differences led to divergent management programs between the areas. The disc-trenched area needed three young stand management operations whereas two was enough at the spot-mounded area. Although disc trenching is a less expensive method than spot mounding, the total management costs were higher in disc trenching than in spot mounding. Furthermore, incomes from the first commercial thinning were higher when regeneration based on spot mounding. At the interest rate of 3%, the investment in spot mounding had 329 € ha -1 higher net present value than the investment in disc trenching.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil preparation method on economic result of Norway spruce regeneration chain

Uotila

Rantala

Saksa³

et al. 2010

Silva Fenn.

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“…According to different studies, the presence and abundance of tree canopy cover affect natural regeneration success during the early phase of the regeneration cycle (Emborg 1998;Page et al 2001). Changing shelterwood density has a strong influence on understorey light and soil moisture, which may affect seedling performance and thus ultimately regeneration outcome (Agestam et al 2003;Balandier et al 2006a). Recent studies in Mediterranean ecosystems investigated influences of canopy cover on the natural regeneration mechanisms of its main species, including Pinus sylvestris L. (Barbeito et al 2009), Pinus nigra Arn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii seedling recruitment is affected by stand basal area, shrub cover and climate interactions

Lucas‐Borja

Candel-Pérez

Morote

et al. 2016

Annals of Forest Science

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Abstract& Key message Shrub cover has visible effects on Pinus nigra Arn ssp. salzmannii seedling emergence, but only in drier years under moderate basal area (25-30 m 2 ha −1 ). In the wetter year, shrub cover favours seedling survival without basal area influence. & Context Shrubs are known to favour tree seedling recruitment in difficult climate environments, but facilitation may prove optimal in intermediate-level rather than harsh conditions, although such an effect remains to be specified. & Aims The main aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of stand basal area (15-20, 25-30 and 35-40 m 2 ha −1 ) × with/without shrub facilitation on seedling recruitment in Spanish black pine (P. nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii), which has been struggling to regenerate natural forests since the late nineteenth century, sometimes jeopardizing stand persistence. & Methods In spring 2012 and 2013, 72 subplots of 25 × 25 cm were established in Cuenca Mountains, centraleastern Spain (four replicates, each counting three subplots × 2 shrub conditions, both under and outside shrub cover, in three different stand basal areas). All plots were randomly distributed at least 500 m apart within each stand basal area. Each subplot comprised 20 seeds previously collected at the experimental forest site. Seedling emergence and early survival were monitored every month in 2012 and 2013. Handling Editor: Laurent BergèsContribution of the co-authors ME Lucas-Borja and D Candel-Pérez conceived the research, obtained the field data, run the data analysis and wrote the manuscript. PA Tíscar, T Onkelinx and P Balandier run the data analysis and wrote the manuscript. FA García Morote obtained the field data and wrote the manuscript.

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“…The trees TBR were also larger and spatially closer to the crop trees for disc trenching treatment compared to spot mounding. It is typical that the soil preparation method that exposes much mineral soil, such as disc trenching produces a great amount of hardwood generation and growth to compete with conifer crop trees (Raulo & Mälkönen 1976;Valtonen 1988;Saksa et al 1990;Agestam et al 2003;Lorenzetti et al 2008). According to Raulo & Mälkönen (1976), the numbers of hardwood seedlings increases by 55% when the prepared area increases from 15% to 33%.…”

Section: The Effect Of the Soil Preparation Methods On Jsm (Iv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of early cleaning and precommercial thinning methods in juvenile stand management of Norway

Uotila¹

2017

Diss. For.

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The purpose of this thesis was to develop the concept of cost-efficient Juvenile Stand Management (JSM) for planted Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) stands. The principles of time based management were followed, by integrating regeneration activities as a cost-efficient value chain and by minimizing non-value-adding work with straightforward decision making based on forest management plan data.The effects of soil preparation and Early Cleaning (EC) on further development of the stands were studied in intensive field experiments. Extensive survey data were used to develop methods applicable for efficient decision making in JSM, such as estimating need for EC or labor time consumption of PreCommercial Thinning (PCT).Timing of JSM had major effect on its costs; a delay in PCT increased the labor time needed to manage a stand by 8.3% annually. Moreover, 61-70% of the saplings in a typical Norway spruce stand were considered to need EC years before PCT was appropriate to be done. EC was also found to be an effective release treatment as it subsequently increased the diameter growth of crop trees by 21-32%. However, a two-stage management regimen, which included EC and PCT, appeared to be somewhat more labor consuming than the PCT only option. Soil preparation method had a major effect on emergence and growth of non-crop trees, and thus, on overall costs of JSM-program. The results showed that understanding the interactions in regeneration chain activities is important for productive forestry.Furthermore, a priori information can have practical implications in decision making for JSM. Several site or stand attributes were found to explain labor consumption of PCT or the need for EC. However, decision making in daily forestry requires more reliable models. The modelling data should go beyond the data of traditional forest management planning in further research. Big data offers promising opportunities. Foremost, I'm grateful to Timo Saksa who supported me in every situation necessary during this work and encouraged me to finally gain this achievement. I'm very grateful to Juho Rantala for his help, guidance and encouragement, which was invaluable for me as a researcher and for this thesis. Without these two people this work would not have been happened. I'm thankful also to my other supervisors, valuable comments from Pasi Puttonen and Lauri Valsta gave much content for the thesis and made it more coherent. I like to express my gratitude to Juha Lappi, a good colleague next to my room who has been eager to help me with statistics in any moment I've needed it. I'm grateful to my co-authors Pertti Harstela and Nuutti Kiljunen for their help in planning the research and commenting the articles. I'm thankful to Pekka Rossi, Pekka Voipio, Mervi Seppänen, Jussi Nuutinen, and Mikko Nykänen for assisting with field experiments, and to Alisdair McLean and Michael Hardman for revising the English language. I would also like to express my thanks to pre-examiners Doug Pitt and Kari Mielikäinen for their valuable comments.I'm g...

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The effects of shelterwood density and site preparation on natural regeneration of Fagus sylvatica in southern Sweden

Cited by 77 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of soil preparation method on economic result of Norway spruce regeneration chain

Effect of soil preparation method on economic result of Norway spruce regeneration chain

Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii seedling recruitment is affected by stand basal area, shrub cover and climate interactions

Optimization of early cleaning and precommercial thinning methods in juvenile stand management of Norway

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