The Effects of Social Status and Culture on Delay Discounting

Ishii, Keiko; Eisen, Charis; Hitokoto, Hidefumi

doi:10.1111/jpr.12154

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, comparisons between populations with different demographics are rare in environmental discounting research. Although there are several studies showing differences in discounting decisions across time between people from different cultures in economics (e.g., Du et al, 2002;Ishii et al, 2017;Kim et al, 2012), cultural differences in the discounting of environmental outcomes have rarely been investigated. Where they have, discounting rate differences have been found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Efficacy in Environmental Discounting: Concern and Action towards Climate Change Threats

Rinderhagen

Sargisson

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extending preceding environmental discounting studies, we examined the role of response efficacy (in low, control, and high conditions) in participants’ valuation of climate-change concern and action across four psychological distance dimensions (temporal, spatial, social, and probabilistic). Participants gave ratings of concern and action in the context of two hypothetical scenarios which were directly related to two different threats (droughts and floods) posed by unmitigated climate change. Rachlin’s hyperboloid discount functions fit the data well. The previously observed gap between concern and action ratings was not replicated in the main analyses, but was seen in the ratings at the minimum distance values. Response efficacy differentially affected ratings of concern and action at the minimum distance values for the temporal, social, and probabilistic dimensions, but differentially affected discount values (k) only for the probabilistic dimension. Compared to their level of concern with the environmental threat, participants who were led to believe that their actions were not efficacious were less willing to engage in mitigation behaviors than participants who were led to believe that their actions were efficacious. The insights gained through the current research effort may be valuable for policymaking as well as intervention design aiming to increase societal mitigation and adaptation efforts.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Efficacy in Environmental Discounting: Concern and Action towards Climate Change Threats

Rinderhagen

Sargisson

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Further, we screened for a range of the theoretically implicated covariates discussed above (i.e., time perspective, current affect, self-reported mental and physical health, subjective cognition, and numeracy). We also controlled for demographic characteristics since better education, higher income, and being a member of the majority racial group have been linked to reduced temporal discounting rates (e.g., Huffman et al, 2017;Ishii, Eisen, & Hitokoto, 2017). Finally, we controlled for big-five personality traits since both high neuroticism and low conscientiousness were found to be associated with a tendency to discount the future (Manning et al, 2014).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Differences in Intertemporal Choice: The Role of Task Type, Outcome Characteristics, and Covariates

Löckenhoff

Samanez-Larkin

2019

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives Prior research has revealed age differences in the preferred timing of monetary outcomes, but results are inconsistent across studies. The present study examined the role of task type, outcome characteristics, and a range of theoretically implicated covariates that may contribute to variations in age effects. Method Two types of intertemporal choice paradigms (temporal discounting and sequence construction) were administered to a diverse life-span sample (n = 287, aged 18–87). The design experimentally manipulated outcome delay (months vs years), amount (hundreds vs thousands), and valence (gain vs loss) while statistically controlling for a range of potential covariates including demographics, affect, personality, time perspective, subjective health, and numeracy. Results In the temporal discounting task, no significant age differences were observed and this pattern did not differ by outcome delay, amount, or valence. In the sequence-construction task, age was associated with a preference for sequences of decreasing impact in the gain condition but not in the loss condition, whereas outcome delay and amount did not moderate age effects. Age patterns in discounting and sequences preferences remained unchanged after controlling for covariates. Discussion These findings converge with prior studies reporting weak or null effects of age in temporal discounting tasks and suggest that inconsistent results are not due to variations in outcome valence, delay, or amount across studies. Findings also add to the scarce evidence for age differences sequence-preferences. After discussing methodological limitations, we consider implications for future research and practice.

show abstract

“…Research has shown that a person's position in the social hierarchy is associated with perceptions of personal control (Ellis et al, 2009;Farah, 2017;Ishii et al, 2017;Sheehy-Skeffington and Rea, 2017). Regarding health behaviours, lower levels of personal control, in terms of both outcome and efficacy expectations, have been associated with performing less healthpromoting behaviours and more health-threatening behaviours (Luszczynska and Schwarzer, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective Socioeconomic Status, Cognitive Abilities, and Personal Control: Associations With Health Behaviours

Kraft

Hagen

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo examine subjective and objective socioeconomic status (SSES and OSES, respectively) as predictors, cognitive abilities as confounders, and personal control perceptions as mediators of health behaviours.DesignA cross-sectional study including 197 participants aged 30–50 years, recruited from the crowd-working platform, Prolific.Main Outcome MeasureThe Good Health Practices Scale, a 16-item inventory of health behaviours.ResultsSSES was the most important predictor of health behaviours (beta = 0.19, p < 0.01). Among the OSES indicators, education (beta = 0.16, p < 0.05), but not income, predicted health behaviours. Intelligence (r = −0.16, p < 0.05) and memory (r = −0.22, p < 0.01) were negatively correlated with health-promoting behaviours, and the effect of memory was upheld in the multivariate model (beta = −0.17, p < 0.05). Personal control perceptions (mastery and constraints) did not act as mediators.ConclusionSSES predicted health behaviours beyond OSES. The effect of socioeconomic indicators was not confounded by cognitive abilities. Surprisingly, cognitive abilities were negatively associated with health-promoting behaviours. Future research should emphasise SSES as a predictor of health behaviours. Delineating the psychological mechanisms linking SSES with health behaviours would be a valuable contribution toward improved understanding of socioeconomic disparities in health behaviours.

show abstract

The Effects of Social Status and Culture on Delay Discounting

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Response Efficacy in Environmental Discounting: Concern and Action towards Climate Change Threats

Response Efficacy in Environmental Discounting: Concern and Action towards Climate Change Threats

Age Differences in Intertemporal Choice: The Role of Task Type, Outcome Characteristics, and Covariates

Subjective Socioeconomic Status, Cognitive Abilities, and Personal Control: Associations With Health Behaviours

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About