The effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium saccharin on morphology, hardness and wear behavior of Cr–WC nano composite coatings

Rezaei–Sameti, M.; Nadali, S.; Falahatpisheh, A.; Rakhshi, M.

doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2013.01.019

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…SDS is an anionic additive that can increase the negative surface charge of particles [46] and reduce the particle's incorporation. Nevertheless, Rezaei et al [22] observed in their study that the particles' surface charge is not the dominant factor for codeposition. According to Figure 6b, increasing the SiC loading did not increase the codeposition of SiC particles at all current densities and wt.% SiC varied more in 20 g/L SiC loading.…”

Section: Coatings Compositionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Finally, the microhardness of NiP coatings did not increase linearly by codeposition of SiC particles.Meanwhile, the amount and distribution of particles are related to electrodeposition parameters including particle characteristics (particle shape, size, concentration and surface charge), electrolyte composition (additives, surfactant type and concentration), pH and applied current (direct or pulsed current and current density) [17][18][19][20][21]. Several studies have reported the effect of process parameters on the amount of codeposited particles in the metal matrix [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. However, a low number of particles are usually codeposited in the case of nanoparticles, and they tend to agglomerate, which results in the poor mechanical behaviour of the coatings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a low number of particles are usually codeposited in the case of nanoparticles, and they tend to agglomerate, which results in the poor mechanical behaviour of the coatings. Hence, increasing the amount of codeposition as well as improving the particle distribution in the matrix are the crucial issues that require further investigation.It is well known that introducing additives to the electrolyte affects the properties and appearance of deposits [20,22,25]. Additives can be categorised based on their application as grain refiners, levelling agents, and wetting agents or surfactants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that introducing additives to the electrolyte affects the properties and appearance of deposits [20,22,25]. Additives can be categorised based on their application as grain refiners, levelling agents, and wetting agents or surfactants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

Ahmadkhaniha

Zanella

2019

Coatings

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In this study, electrodeposition of NiP composite coatings with the addition of SiC 100 nm was carried out on low carbon steel studying the effect of additives (sodium dodecyl sulfate, saccharin), particles load (10 or 20 g/L) and current density (1, 2 and 4 A/dm 2 ). As a benchmark, coatings from an additive-free bath were also deposited, despite additives being essential for a good quality of the coatings. The coating's morphology and composition were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). It was shown that by addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), pure NiP coating with a higher P content was achieved, and their morphology changed to nodular. SDS also reduced the codeposited fraction of SiC particles, while saccharin increased it. SiC loading and current density had less impact respect to the additives on codeposition of SiC particles. Finally, the microhardness of NiP coatings did not increase linearly by codeposition of SiC particles.Meanwhile, the amount and distribution of particles are related to electrodeposition parameters including particle characteristics (particle shape, size, concentration and surface charge), electrolyte composition (additives, surfactant type and concentration), pH and applied current (direct or pulsed current and current density) [17][18][19][20][21]. Several studies have reported the effect of process parameters on the amount of codeposited particles in the metal matrix [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. However, a low number of particles are usually codeposited in the case of nanoparticles, and they tend to agglomerate, which results in the poor mechanical behaviour of the coatings. Hence, increasing the amount of codeposition as well as improving the particle distribution in the matrix are the crucial issues that require further investigation.It is well known that introducing additives to the electrolyte affects the properties and appearance of deposits [20,22,25]. Additives can be categorised based on their application as grain refiners, levelling agents, and wetting agents or surfactants. Saccharin is a common brightening agent in the electrodeposition of nickel, which refines grains, inhibits the hydrogen evolution reaction and reduces the internal stress of the coatings [25][26][27][28]. In previous studies, it was shown that the addition of saccharin significantly improves the cathode current efficiency of the NiP electrodeposition [29]. However, saccharin decreased the SiC codeposition and phosphorus content, compared to deposits obtained from saccharin-free baths [30].Surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) are needed in the case of electrodeposition processes where the current efficiency is below 100%. Hydrogen evolution is the common secondary cathodic reaction, and SDS can reduce the residence time of the H 2 bubble on the cathodic surface, and also pitting as well as porosity. Surfactants are beneficial for enhancing the stability and uniformity of the electrolyte by increasing the wettability an...

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Section: Coatings Compositionmentioning

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

Ahmadkhaniha

Zanella

2019

Coatings

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“…Vickers hardness is improved by up to 20% by the addition of ZrO 2 particles. In previous study, hardness of Cr-WC composite coating was between 595 and 680 HV (Rezaei-Sameti, et al, 2013). Hardness of Cr-Al 2 O 3 composite coating was around 1300 HV (Sun, et al, 1996).…”

Section: Zro • H + E → Zro • H (1) Zro • H + H + E → Zro + H (2)mentioning

confidence: 92%

The effect of ZrO<sub>2</sub> addition on the polarization behavior of Cr-ZrO<sub>2</sub> composite coating

Hashimoto

Sugio

Sasaki

et al. 2016

Mechanical Engineering Journal

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Hard chromium coating is mainly used to improve the surface performance of pistons, brake disks and gears. In the future, better abrasion resistance and better corrosion resistance of hard Cr coating are demanded. Co-deposition of ceramic particles in Cr coating improved these characteristics. The Cr-ZrO 2 composite coating is one of the prospective candidates for improvements of mechanical properties. In the present work, the measurement of polarization behavior of low carbon steel in CrO 3 -H 2 SO 4 electrolyte with ZrO 2 addition was conducted to investigate corrosion resistance. Microstructure of coating surface was observed with Electron Prove Micro Analyzer (EPMA) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Vickers hardness of coating surface was measured. The addition of ZrO 2 had no effect on pH. Electrolyte was still strong acid. The shape of polarization curve was changed by the addition of ZrO 2 particles. Polarization point was shifted higher by the addition of ZrO 2 particles. The corrosion resistance was improved by the addition of ZrO 2 particles. ZrO 2 particles made the reduction reaction slowly. Coating surface consisted of Cr nano-crystal whose average size was 32.7 nm. Aggregation of ZrO 2 particles was not observed in the resolution of EPMA. Addition of ZrO 2 particles improved Vickers hardness of coating surface.

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Tungsten Carbides

Shabalin

2022

Ultra-High Temperature Materials IV

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The effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium saccharin on morphology, hardness and wear behavior of Cr–WC nano composite coatings

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

The Effects of Additives, Particles Load and Current Density on Codeposition of SiC Particles in NiP Nanocomposite Coatings

The effect of ZrO<sub>2</sub> addition on the polarization behavior of Cr-ZrO<sub>2</sub> composite coating

Tungsten Carbides

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