The effects of sport expertise and shot results on basketball players’ action anticipation

Abstract

The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to clarify the effects of sport expertise and shot results on the action anticipation of basketball players. Eighty-eight male subjects participated in this study, namely, 30 collegiate basketball players, 28 recreational basketball players and 30 non-athletes. Each participant performed a shot anticipation task in which he watched the shooting phase, rising phase, high point and falling phase of a free throw and predicted the fate of the ball. The results showed that the collegiate players and recreational players demonstrated higher accuracy than the non-athletes for the falling phase but not for the other temporal conditions. Analysis of the shot results demonstrated that for made shots, the collegiate players and recreational players provided more accurate predictions than the non-athletes. These results suggested that the experienced players required a sufficient amount of information to be able to make accurate judgements and demonstrated that the experts' judgement bias for made shots was independent of the temporal condition. OPEN ACCESSCitation: Li Y, Feng T (2020) The effects of sport expertise and shot results on basketball players' action anticipation. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0227521.

Decision-Making Skills in Youth Basketball Players: Diagnostic and External Validation of a Video-Based Assessment

“…Using this framework, it has been established that elite athletes possess superior perceptual-cognitive skills when compared to intermediate and non-elite performers [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. The application of this approach in a basketball-specific context revealed expertise effects in anticipation [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], pattern recall [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], and visual search strategies [ 33 , 34 ]. Advantages are also reported when focusing on decision-making skills: Spittle et al [ 35 ] found that participants who currently played basketball or played at a higher level of competition made more correct decisions in a video-based test than those currently not playing or doing so on a lower level of competition.…”

The Effect of Judgement Bias on Cue Utilization for Shot Prediction in Basketball Athletes

“…As noted by several studies, expert basketball players demonstrated better anticipation than novices [2][3][4], but the advantage was affected by the shot results [5][6][7]. Interestingly, experts could not predict better in all basketball shots.…”

“…The experts' judgement bias has been interpreted as the effect of "regulatory fit" [6]. The theory of regulatory focus presents two types of individual focus, namely promotion focus and prevention focus [8].…”

Can Stephen Curry really know? - Conscious access to outcome prediction of motor actions

“…Forward model computations contribute to learning (Jordan & Rumelhart, 1992), and extended experience in a motor task correlates with distinct signs of predictive error processing on the neurophysiological level (Lutz et al, 2013; Beaulieu et al, 2014; Maurer et al 2015; Joch et al, 2017; Maurer et al, 2021). Furthermore, it has been shown that motor experts (sports athletes) can anticipate the outcomes of other players’ actions with relatively little information about action parameters, and that this ability rises with skill level (Abreu et al, 2012; Aglioti et al, 2008; Li & Feng, 2020; Tomeo et al, 2013). In these studies, temporal occlusion paradigms were used, where participants with varying expertise levels watched videos of motor actions and had to predict the outcomes of the actions shown at different points in time.…”

“…The conscious accessibility of sensorimotor prediction with respect to action outcomes has been investigated in athletes involved in different sports. The focus of most studies has been on anticipatory estimates of other players’ actions, based purely on visual information, for example in basketball shooting (e.g., Abreu et al, 2012; e.g., Aglioti et al, 2008; Li & Feng, 2020; Özkan et al, 2019), volleyball smashes (e.g., Cañal-Bruland et al, 2011; Wright et al, 1990), soccer penalty kicks (Tomeo et al, 2013), or other game situations (for a review see Abreu et al, 2017). Since predictions in these studies were exclusively based on observations of motor actions, available sensorimotor information was incomplete, and visual information differed compared to when actions were executed.…”