The effects of storage on the bacteriological quality of sachet water produced, sold and consumed within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria

Unegbu, Valentine N; Ndubuisi, Nwachukwu O; Ugbo, Emmanuel Nnabuike; Ekennia, Anthony C.

doi:10.24896/jmbr.2017722

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…According to the authors, most of the water samples had pH in the range of 6.85-7.37, with a steady increase during storage. The results are also in line with what was reported by Unegbu[28]. The pH of drinking water is critical to its sensory properties as pH outside the WHO/NIS acceptable range of 6.5-8.5 may constitute an undesirable taste[32].…”

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confidence: 90%

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Quality assessment of different polyethylene-packaged groundwater in the Ilorin metropolis of Nigeria for compliance with standards

Balogun,

Aruna,

Akintayo

et al. 2024

Potr. S. J. F. Sci.

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There is a notable proliferation of sachet water brands in the Ilorin Metropolis of Nigeria. However, more information regarding their safety for human consumption is required. This study aimed to determine the quality attributes of sachet water produced within the Ilorin metropolis of Nigeria to ascertain their conformity with regulatory standards. Three sachet water companies were each selected from three Local Government Areas within the study area. Physicochemical and microbial analyses were conducted on the collected water samples within 24 hours of production and monthly during 4-month storage. The results showed that temperature (25.10-30.13 ℃) and turbidity (0.37-2.84 NTU) were within permissible limits. Total hardness (36.0-136.33 mg/L) and pH (6.42-8.86) significantly (p ≤0.05) increased during storage and were above standards in some samples. There were significant (p ≤0.05) variations in chlorides (2.83-8.57 mg/L), nitrates (0.15-0.64 mg/L), sulphates (4.70-7.12 mg/L), and sodium contents (10.16-18.74 mg/L) but all were within standards. While five of the nine sachet water brands complied (2-100 CFU/mL) with the limit of 100 CFU/mL for the total viable count, all the samples failed the zero-tolerance requirement for coliform. Possible fecal contamination was concluded as the main concern with the sachet water brands produced within Ilorin Metropolis, suggesting their unfitness for human consumption. The water brands may, therefore, pose severe health hazards to consumers and threaten public health. In conclusion, the study demonstrated the likely unfitness of some sachet water brands in the Ilorin Metropolis of Nigeria for human consumption, owing to fecal coliform. This underscores the need for regulatory agencies to intensify the certification process of prospective sachet water factories. Furthermore, regular inspections of certified factories and their practices and products are recommended to ensure continued compliance with regulatory standards.

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confidence: 90%

“…The increasing electrical conductivity could be associated with rising levels of dissolved materials in the water samples during storage [40]. An elevated temperature of stored sachet water has also been linked to higher electrical conductivity [28]. Electrical conductivity denotes the ability of water to conduct electricity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Quality assessment of different polyethylene-packaged groundwater in the Ilorin metropolis of Nigeria for compliance with standards

Balogun,

Aruna,

Akintayo

et al. 2024

Potr. S. J. F. Sci.

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“…They found that 90% of the analysis results complied with WHO/NIS guidelines for quality water, with total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and enterococci absent in the water samples. Unegbu et al (2017) studied the effect of storage on the physicochemical properties of sachet water in Owerri. They observed that after eight weeks of storage, oxygen, chlorine, alkalinity, and BOD decreased, while temperature, calcium, magnesium, total hardness, total dissolved solids, and electrical conductivity increased.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and bacteriological assessment of the polyethene packaged sachet water (popularly called “pure water”) as a major source of drinking water in Sagamu, Ogun State, Southwest, Nigeria

Asishana Paul Onivefu,

Egwonor Loveth Irede,

Idemudia Philip Edogun

et al. 2024

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of polyethylene-packaged sachet water, commonly known as "pure water," produced and distributed in the Sagamu local government area of Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria. The research involved analyzing sachet water samples from various producers, sources, and distributors to assess their quality. Samples were collected randomly from six different locations/towns within Sagamu Local Government and subjected to physicochemical and bacteriological analysis. The findings were compared with the permissible limits established by reputable organizations such as WHO, EPA, Canada, and NIS. The results indicated that most parameters fell within the acceptable range set by WHO, EPA, Canada, and NIS. However, the pH levels of the sachet water samples (ranging from 4.73 to 6.10) were found to be acidic, deviating from the expected range of 6.5 to 10.5. Additionally, while the Total Heterotrophic Bacteria count and Enteric Bacteria count were slightly lower than the permissible limits, with Total Enteric Bacteria ranging from 300 to 480 cfu/100ml (permissible limit <500cfu/100ml) and Enteric Bacteria ranging from 280 to 380 cfu/100ml. Recommendations derived from the study include advocating for water-producing industries to establish their raw water sources in contamination-free zones, encouraging the involvement of well-equipped private and government hospitals in monitoring and reporting on the water quality of packaging industries, promoting the provision of safe piped water by credible individuals within communities, and emphasizing the role of regulatory bodies like SON and NAFDAC in continuously assessing the production and packaging standards of drinking water across communities.

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Effect of storage conditions on sachet water quality in Accra, Ghana

Hammond,

Antwi,

Von-Kiti

et al. 2024

Discov Water

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The effects of storage on the bacteriological quality of sachet water produced, sold and consumed within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria

Abstract: The sale and consumption of sachet water is common in Owerri metropolis because the consumers believed it was

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

Quality assessment of different polyethylene-packaged groundwater in the Ilorin metropolis of Nigeria for compliance with standards

Quality assessment of different polyethylene-packaged groundwater in the Ilorin metropolis of Nigeria for compliance with standards

Physicochemical and bacteriological assessment of the polyethene packaged sachet water (popularly called “pure water”) as a major source of drinking water in Sagamu, Ogun State, Southwest, Nigeria

Effect of storage conditions on sachet water quality in Accra, Ghana

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