The effects of subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric solutions of bupivacaine or ropivacaine in xylazine‐sedated calves undergoing surgery

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric solutions of bupivacaine or ropivacaine in xylazine-sedated calves undergoing surgery. Subarachnoid anaesthesia was performed with either 20 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine (bupivacaine group (BG), n=10) or 30 mg of hyperbaric ropivacaine (ropivacaine group (RG), n=10) into the lumbar dural space of 20 calves in a randomised, prospective clinical trial. Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean (MBP) blood pressure, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate, rectal temperature were recorded after sedation (time 0), and up to 120 minutes after injection. Onset, duration and magnitude of sensory block (scale 1-4) were determined using the pin-prick test throughout surgery. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and non-parametric tests (P<0.05). Bodyweight, age, duration of surgery, SBP, DBP, MBP, HR were not significantly different between groups. Onset of anaesthesia (mean±sd; BG, 5±1 minutes; RG, 7±1 minutes) and duration of anaesthesia (mean±sd; BG, 153±32 minutes; RG, 86±12 minutes) were significantly different between groups. Analgesic scores were significantly higher than baseline from 5 to 120 min, and from 7 to 85 min in BG and RG, respectively. Subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric solutions of bupivacaine produced faster onset and longer duration of anaesthesia than ropivacaine.

Effects of Intrathecal Administration of Ketamine HCl in Young Calves: A Clinical Trial

“…However, one of the most common side effects of local anaesthetic is rapidly developing hypotension. The anaesthetic agent that spread along the spinal cord would depress the respiration (20,21). To prevent possible respiratory and circulatory problems, either the operation table or the neck and thorax of an animal should be maintained in an upward position.…”

“…Intrathecal (IT) anaesthesia is a simple and economical method that can be used without any need for devices and equipment which is necessary for inhalation anaesthesia; however, it does require experience (2,14,20,21).…”

“…When using local anaesthetic agents via IT, the occurrence of bradycardia and hypotension is unavoidable (7,12,17,21). The fact that ketamine HCl does not cause hypotension when administered via IT due to its known effects on the heart and respiratory system, gives it a significant advantage over local anaesthetics (13).…”

Ovariohisterektomi Yapılan Köpeklerde Propofol Uygulamasını Takiben Bupivacaine ya da Ropivacainin İntratekal Uygulamasının Etkileri

“…Intrathecal (IT) or subarachnoid anesthesia providing sympathetic, sensory and motor nerve blockage with injection of local anesthetics into the subarachnoid space has become quite popular in recent years [1][2][3] . IT anesthesia is a simple and more economic approach to anesthesia as it can be administered without the equipment and devices required for inhalation anesthesia, but the experience during administration can be viewed as a disadvantage [1,3] .…”

“…IT anesthesia is a simple and more economic approach to anesthesia as it can be administered without the equipment and devices required for inhalation anesthesia, but the experience during administration can be viewed as a disadvantage [1,3] . IT anesthesia is preferred to general anesthesia for hind limb surgery, flank surgery, ovariohysterectomy, cesarean section and tail surgery in many animal species [1][2][3][4][5] .…”