“…In fact, the presence of two well defined peaks around 600 cm −1 was observed only after the addition of 20 mg Al/g TS of AS; whereas, both in the case of control and PAC 20 samples, this region was characterized by broad bands with weakly marked peaks. The presence of these bands confirmed the existence of groups such as C–O, C–O–C and P O in polyesters and polysaccharides, and demonstrated the superiority of AS as a coagulant also towards phosphate and sulfate groups [ 25 , 27 ].…”