The effects of sulfur curing systems (insoluble-rhombic) on physical and thermal properties of the matrix polymeric of styrene butadiene rubber

Shahrampour, Hedieh; Motavalizadehkakhky, Alireza

doi:10.1134/s0965544117080138

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…(4) K = TS ⋅ E b after aging ∕ TS ⋅ E b before aging unsaturated rubbers [i.e., natural rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) or nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR)], was discovered by C. Goodyear and by T. Hancock over 170 years ago and found the widespread industrial implementation [28]. The application of sulfur curing systems leads to the forming of sulfuric bridges with a various number of sulfur atoms (mono-sulfuric C-S-C, di-sulfuric C-S 2 -C and poly-sulfuric cross-links.…”

Section: Rheometric Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential application of cereal straw as a bio-filler for elastomer composites

Masłowski

Strzelec

2019

Polym. Bull.

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The purpose of this research article is to present the application possibilities of cereal straw as a functional bio-filler of elastomeric materials. The work defined the precise selection of polymeric matrixes as a base for the produced biocomposites. Applied rubbers, ethylene propylene, methylvinylsilicone, butadiene-styrene and butadiene-acrylonitrile, are materials that differ in both chemical structure and methods of cross-linking. Due to the differences in material characteristics, the composites presented specific properties, which have been confirmed by a number of research methods that determine rheometric, mechanical, dynamical-mechanical properties, damping, cross-linking density and susceptibility to simulated thermooxidative aging processes. Application of straw as a natural bio-fillers for different elastomers increased cross-linking densities of the composites and reduced the curing time of the mixtures. Straw vulcanizates, regardless of the polymer type and simultaneously with increasing filling degree, showed a significant increase in tear strength and hardness. Moreover, these materials showed high values of damping coefficients and satisfactory strength properties, depending on the mechanical characteristics of the rubbers used. Furthermore, biocomposites produced on the basis of ethylene propylene and silicone rubber have proven their high resistance to simulated aging processes. The use of ground straw as a never previously used filler of elastomer composites proves that it is a highly valuable additive both in economic and material aspects. Its application in elastomer technology may contribute to the management of surplus agricultural wastes while being used in materials exhibiting useful properties.

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Section: Rheometric Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential application of cereal straw as a bio-filler for elastomer composites

Masłowski

Strzelec

2019

Polym. Bull.

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“…where ] is the cross-link density (mol.cm −3 ), V r0 is the volume fraction of rubber in equilibrium swelling sample of vulcanizate in absence of fillers, V r is the volume fraction of rubber in equilibrium swelling sample of filled vulcanizate, V S is the molar volume of solvent (for acetone � 73.519 cm 3 •mol −1 ), and χ is the Huggins interaction parameter (for NBR-acetone, χ � 0.54).…”

Section: Determination Of Cross-link Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sulfur-cured vulcanizates exhibit good tensile properties, high tensile and tear strength, good dynamic characteristics, or good abrasion resistance. e main negatives are poor resistance to thermooxidative ageing and weak stability at high temperatures [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Peroxide Curing Systems in Cross-Linking of Rubber Magnets Based on NBR and Barium Ferrite

Kruželák

Kvasničáková

Medlenová

et al. 2019

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Rubber magnetic composites were prepared by incorporation of barium ferrite in constant amount—50 phr into acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber. Dicumyl peroxide as the curing agent was used for cross-linking of rubber magnets alone, or in combination with four different types of co-agents. The main aim was to examine the influence of curing system composition on magnetic and physical-mechanical properties of composites. The cross-link density and the structure of the formed cross-links were investigated too. The results demonstrated that the type and amount of the co-agent had significant influence on cross-link density, which was reflected in typical change of physical-mechanical properties. The tensile strength increased with increasing amount of co-agents, which can be attributed to the improvement of adhesion and compatibility on the interphase filler-rubber due to the presence of co-agents. Magnetic characteristics were found not to be influenced by the curing system composition. The application of peroxide curing systems consisting of organic peroxide and co-agents leads to the preparation of rubber magnets with not only good magnetic properties but also with improved physical-mechanical properties, which could broaden the sphere of their application uses.

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“…In order to optimize the curing process, sulfur is always used in combination with activators and accelerators, sometimes also with other additives. 3 During the sulfur vulcanization, different types of sulfidic cross-links between elastomer chains (monososulfidic C–S–C, disulfidic C–S 2 –C and polysulfidic cross-links C–S x –C, where x can vary from 3 to 6), are formed. 4,5…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined sulfur and peroxide curing systems applied in cross-linking of rubber magnets

Kruželák

Kvasničáková

Dosoudil

et al. 2020

Polymers and Polymer Composites

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In the present work, barium ferrite in constant loading was dosed to the rubber matrices based on NR, SBR and NBR. Sulfur, peroxide and mixed sulfur and peroxide curing systems were applied for cross-linking of rubber magnetic composites. The application of sulfur or peroxide curing system leads to the formation of different types of linkages between rubber chain segments. As the structure of the formed cross-links plays a significant role in determining the final properties of rubber articles, the main aim of the work was to use the combination of curing systems in order to suppress the disadvantages of both systems and possibly to highlight their benefits. The results showed that composition of curing system has considerable influence on cross-link density of composites, which was subsequently reflected in typical change of physical-mechanical properties and glass transition temperature. The tensile strength was improved with increasing amount of peroxide curing system. The reason can be attributed to the presence of co-agent zinc methacrylate, which exhibits strong adhesion to magnetic filler and thus it contributes to the improvement of compatibility and homogeneity on the interphase filler–rubber. On the hand, there was observed no influence of curing system composition or type of rubber matrix on magnetic characteristics of composites.

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The effects of sulfur curing systems (insoluble-rhombic) on physical and thermal properties of the matrix polymeric of styrene butadiene rubber

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

The potential application of cereal straw as a bio-filler for elastomer composites

The potential application of cereal straw as a bio-filler for elastomer composites

Application of Peroxide Curing Systems in Cross-Linking of Rubber Magnets Based on NBR and Barium Ferrite

Combined sulfur and peroxide curing systems applied in cross-linking of rubber magnets

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