The effects of surgical stress and short-term fasting on protein synthesis <i>in vivo</i> in diverse tissues of the mature rat

Preedy, Victor R.; Paska, L; Sugden, Peter H.; Schofield, Paul S.; Sugden, M. C.

doi:10.1042/bj2500179

Cited by 114 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The effects of fasting on hepatic protein synthesis in the suckling rats in our study were qualitatively similar to those reported in adult and young weaned rats (8)(9)(10). We found quantitative differences, however, depending on the stage of development.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 75%

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Hepatic Protein Synthesis in Suckling Rats: Effects of Stage of Development and Fasting

et al. 1992

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ABSTRACT. We studied the developmental changes in hepatic protein synthesis in suckling rats between postpartum d 1 and 28 and investigated the effect of fasting for 10 or 18 h on hepatic protein turnover at postpartum d 5, 10, 16, and 28. . At all stages of development, the & and translational efficiency in fasted rats were significantly lower than those in control (fed) rats, although the relative decline in both measurements was largest at postpartum d 10. The absolute rates of hepatic protein synthesis declined to similar levels on d 5, 10, and 16 after 10 h of fasting and changed little after 18 h of fasting; this level was significantly higher at postpartum d 28. Our results suggest that postnatal development in suckling rats was marked by a biphasic pattern in the rates of hepatic protein synthesis, which increased during the neonatal and weaning periods. The relative changes in the synthesis and loss of hepatic protein in response to fasting were greater during the neonatal than during the late suckling and weaning periods.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…A short-term fast (24 h) in young growing and adult rats reduces the hepatic protein synthesis rate and protein mass by approximately 30 and 20%, respectively (8)(9)(10). Alternatively, in skeletal muscle, reduced protein synthesis in response to a short-term fast is greater in young rats than in older weaned rats (1 1, 12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Hepatic Protein Synthesis in Suckling Rats: Effects of Stage of Development and Fasting

et al. 1992

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“…We chose to study nucleic acids because they are closely linked to the production of body mass and appear to change at a time frame of interest for studying species interactions (Foster 1990, Schlechtriem et al 2008 Growth rate and protein synthesis rates are often correlated with RNA content, or ratios of RNA:DNA and RNA:protein in both vertebrates and invertebrates (Buckley 1979, Houlihan et al 1993, Dahlhoff & Menge 1996, Bergeron 1997, Saiz et al 1998, Wagner et al 2001. While ribosomes, which are composed largely of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), set the upper capacity for protein synthesis, the actual rate will vary with translational efficiency depending on short-term needs (Millward et al 1973, Preedy et al 1988. In order to make comparisons between groups, total RNA must be normalized to a single cell or to body size, usually expressed as total DNA or protein; hence the frequent use of the ratios RNA:DNA and RNA:protein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relating nucleic acid and protein indices to growth in Mysis relicta: ration, cycling temperature, and metabolism

Johannsson¹,

Bowen²,

Wood³

et al. 2008

Aquat. Biol.

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We investigated growth rate, nucleic acid (DNA, RNA) and protein indices and respiration in juvenile (8.5 to 12 mm total body length, 7 to 20 mg wet wt) and young adult (12 to 14 mm, 20 to 30 mg wet wt) Mysis relicta, as a function of temperature, body mass and molt stage in order to develop methods to assess condition or growth in the field. Mysids were exposed to either a preferred temperature (6.5°C) and 3 ration levels, or a range of constant and dielly-cycling (DC) temperatures with ad libitum feeding. Mysid growth parameters (specific rates of growth [SGR], respiration [M O 2 ], and RNA content cell -1 ) integrated the DC temperature experienced as averaged responses weighted by the time spent at each temperature. M O 2 peaked at 12.7°C on acute temperature exposure from 4.2°C. M O 2 compensation with prolonged temperature exposure occurred at mean diel temperatures ≤ 8.5°C. Mysids could not survive at 16°C even for 5 h d -1 . These results confirm behavioral observations of temperature preferences. RNA concentration in M. relicta increased with ration and decreasing temperatures. Protein:DNA ratio, %protein and SGR increased with ration and then plateaued. Protein:DNA ratio, %protein and DNA:weight ratio did not change with temperature with unlimited feeding. Forward, stepwise, multiple regression models for each experiment and the combined data accounted for 31 to 72% of variability in SGR. Our experimental data provide guidance, a preliminary temperature-correction factor for RNA, and benchmarks for use of nucleic acid and protein indices in assessing growth or condition of M. relicta in the field.

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“…Thus over the past 3 decades, RD has been widely used as an index of nutritional condition (Clemmesen 1994, Grønkjaer et al 1997, Buckley et al 1999, St. John et al 2001) and, to a lesser extent, as a means to estimate weight-specific growth rate (G) in fish larvae (Buckley 1984, Caldarone et al 2003, Caldarone 2005, Malzahn et al 2007. Since the actual rate of translation (protein synthesis per unit RNA) varies with temperature (Millward et al 1973, Preedy et al 1988, Farewell & Neidhardt 1998, estimating G from RD in ectotherms requires an adjustment for the activity of RNA due to temperature. Ideally, laboratory experiments conducted at different feeding levels and water temperatures are used to define the relationship among RD, temperature (T) and G (RD-T-G relationship).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-species larval fish growth model based on temperature and fluorometrically derived RNA/DNA ratios: results from a meta-analysis

Buckley¹,

Caldarone²,

Clemmesen³

2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Weight-specific growth rate (G) and growth performance (the fraction of maximum growth realized, G pf ) are key demographic characteristics. The ratio of RNA/DNA (RD) can provide information on both G and G pf . Estimating G from RD in larval fish requires an adjustment for the activity of RNA at different temperatures. Based on a meta-analysis of published data, we present a general model for the relationship between G in marine fish larvae and fluorometrically derived RD and temperature (T), and suggest that this model can be used to estimate G in marine fish larvae. Several options for estimating G pf are also considered, including the use of a reference growth rate (G ref ). RDs of well-fed larvae appeared to be independent of water temperatures between 4 and 28°C, suggesting that any increase in growth rate with temperature was accomplished by increased activity rather than increased concentrations of RNA. However, for the best-fit meta-analysis RD-T-G model, the relationship between RD and G pf was temperature dependent for fish less than fully fed.KEY WORDS: RNA/DNA ratio · Growth · Larvae · Temperature effects · Nucleic acids · Fluorometric microplate assay · Multi-species meta-analysis Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 371: [221][222][223][224][225][226][227][228][229][230][231][232] 2008 among RD, temperature (T) and G (RD-T-G relationship). These calibration experiments require specialized rearing facilities, are costly, and labor intensive. Consequently, only a few calibrations are available for a very limited number of species (Table 1), thus hampering the widespread use of RD for estimating G in fish larvae.A variety of analytical methods have been used to estimate RNA and DNA concentrations in fish larvae. Because RD values are sensitive to the choice of procedures used, any meta-analysis of RD values from different laboratories has been problematic. This issue was addressed in a recent international intercalibration effort ) whereby fluorometrically derived RD estimates were standardized based on the slopes of the RNA and DNA standard curves (Berdalet et al. 2005). This standardization method opens up both the possibility of comparing fluorometrically derived RD among laboratories, and using RD-T-G relationships developed in other laboratories. Buckley (1984), using an UV method for analysis of RD, presented a RD-T-G calibration model based on data from larvae of 8 species of temperate marine fishes (Table 1), and suggested that there was a single relationship among RD-T-G that was independent of species. Although this general model has been used for several species, the conclusion that there is a single RD-T-G relationship in larvae of temperate marine fishes has not been further tested. Moreover, no general model based on the newer fluorometric methods has been published. To examine these and other issues, we propose the following hypotheses: (1) A single RD-T-G relationship can be used for all species of marine fish lar...

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The effects of surgical stress and short-term fasting on protein synthesis in vivo in diverse tissues of the mature rat

Cited by 114 publications

References 31 publications

Hepatic Protein Synthesis in Suckling Rats: Effects of Stage of Development and Fasting

Hepatic Protein Synthesis in Suckling Rats: Effects of Stage of Development and Fasting

Relating nucleic acid and protein indices to growth in Mysis relicta: ration, cycling temperature, and metabolism

Multi-species larval fish growth model based on temperature and fluorometrically derived RNA/DNA ratios: results from a meta-analysis

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