The effects of target location on musculoskeletal load, task performance, and subjective discomfort during virtual reality interactions

Penumudi, Sai Akhil; Kuppam, Veera Aneesh; Kim, Jeong Ho; Hwang, Jaejin

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2019.103010

Cited by 57 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Their results clarified the differences in biomechanical stresses and usability for different target distances and sizes in AR systems. Similarly, the authors in [9] focused on vertical target location with VR HMDs. They concluded that targets in the VR interface should be displayed between eye height and 15 • below eye height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Weight and Balance of Head-Mounted Displays on Physical Load

et al. 2021

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To maximize user experience in VR environments, optimizing the comfortability of head-mounted displays (HMDs) is essential. To date, few studies have investigated the fatigue induced by wearing commercially available HMDs. Here, we focus on the effects of HMD weight and balance on the physical load experienced by the user. We conducted an experiment in which participants completed a shooting game while wearing differently weighted and balanced HMDs. Afterwards, the participants completed questionnaires to assess levels of discomfort and fatigue. The results clarify that the weight of the HMD affects user fatigue, with the degree of fatigue varying depending on the center of mass position. Additionally, they suggest that the torque at the neck joint corresponds to the physical load imparted by the HMD. Therefore, our results provide valuable insights, demonstrating that, to improve HMD comfortability, it is necessary to consider both the balance and reduction of weight during HMD design.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Weight and Balance of Head-Mounted Displays on Physical Load

et al. 2021

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“…The physical tension on the neck can change with an increased number of belts distributing the weight. According to Penumudi et al (2020), shoulder flexion angle, neck flexion moment, and muscle activities of the neck and shoulder are excessive with vertical target locations when interacting with targets at several angles in the 3D environment. Interaction gestures play a role depending on their amplitude.…”

Section: Muscle Fatigue Musculoskeletal Discomfort and Working In Vrmentioning

confidence: 99%

A narrative review of immersive virtual reality’s ergonomics and risks at the workplace: cybersickness, visual fatigue, muscular fatigue, acute stress, and mental overload

et al. 2022

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This narrative review synthesizes and introduces 386 previous works about virtual reality-induced symptoms and effects by focusing on cybersickness, visual fatigue, muscle fatigue, acute stress, and mental overload. Usually, these VRISE are treated independently in the literature, although virtual reality is increasingly considered an option to replace PCs at the workplace, which encourages us to consider them all at once. We emphasize the context of office-like tasks in VR, gathering 57 articles meeting our inclusion/exclusion criteria. Cybersickness symptoms, influenced by fifty factors, could prevent workers from using VR. It is studied but requires more research to reach a theoretical consensus. VR can lead to more visual fatigue than other screen uses, influenced by fifteen factors, mainly due to vergence-accommodation conflicts. This side effect requires more testing and clarification on how it differs from cybersickness. VR can provoke muscle fatigue and musculoskeletal discomfort, influenced by fifteen factors, depending on tasks and interactions. VR could lead to acute stress due to technostress, task difficulty, time pressure, and public speaking. VR also potentially leads to mental overload, mainly due to task load, time pressure, and intrinsically due interaction and interface of the virtual environment. We propose a research agenda to tackle VR ergonomics and risks issues at the workplace.

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“…However, these ANNs may be useful in biomechanical assessment of other head-supported masses in which individuals perform similar head movements. For example, virtual reality headsets, which can increase flexion/extension moments about the cervical spine (Penumudi et al, 2020), may require biomechanical assessment for ergonomic design of headsets. While the application of these ANNs to other use cases may be possible, this should be undertaken with caution as well as with the understanding that ANN error would likely be greater.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%