The effects of target size and error rate on the cognitive demand and stress during augmented reality interactions

Kia, Kiana; Hwang, Jaejin; Kim, In-Sop; Ishak, Hakim; Kim, Jeong-Ho

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103502

Cited by 27 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…It was used by Norasi et al [ 71 ] to evaluate the usability of the robots to support the surgeons’ workload and teamwork effectiveness. It was also used to test the effectiveness of using augmented reality technologies to support cognitive demand [ 72 ]. Thus, in addition to its role in evaluating the usability of technology in health care, we showed that the NASA TLX index has the potential to support researchers in evaluating the workload of patients in cancer care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Patient Workload and Its Impact on Outcomes During New Cancer Patient Visits: Analysis of a Convenience Sample

Elkefi,

Asan

2023

JMIR Hum Factors

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Background Studies exploring the workload in health care focus on the doctors’ perspectives. The ecology of the health care environment is critical and different for doctors and patients. Objective In this study, we explore the patient workload among newly diagnosed patients with cancer during their first visit and its impact on the patient’s perceptions of the quality of care (their trust in their doctors, their satisfaction with the care visits, their perception of technology use). Methods We collected data from the Hackensack Meridian Health, John Theurer Cancer Center between February 2021 and May 2022. The technology use considered during the visit is related to doctors’ use of electronic health records. A total of 135 participants were included in the study. Most participants were 50-64 years old (n=91, 67.41%). A majority (n=81, 60%) of them were White, and only (n=16, 11.85%) went to graduate schools. Results The findings captured the significant effect of overall workload on trust in doctors and perception of health IT use within the visits. On the other hand, the overall workload did not impact patients’ satisfaction during the visit. A total of 80% (n=108) of patients experienced an overall high level of workload. Despite almost 55% (n=75) of them experiencing a high mental load, 71.1% (n=96) reported low levels of effort, 89% (n=120) experienced low time pressure, 85.2% (n=115) experienced low frustration levels, and 69.6% (n=94) experienced low physical activity. The more overall workload patients felt, the less they trusted their doctors (odds ratio [OR] 0.059, 95% CI 0.001-2.34; P=.007). Low trust was also associated with the demanding mental tasks in the visits (OR 0.055, 95% CI 0.002-2.64; P<.001), the physical load (OR 0.194, 95% CI 0.004-4.23; P<.001), the time load (OR 0.183, 95% CI 0.02-2.35; P=.046) the effort needed to cope with the environment (OR 0.163, 95% CI 0.05-1.69; P<.001), and the frustration levels (OR 0.323, 95% CI 0.04-2.55; P=.03). The patients’ perceptions of electronic health record use during the visit were negatively impacted by the overall workload experienced by the patients (OR 0.315, 95% CI 0.08-6.35; P=.01) and the high frustration level experienced (OR 0.111, 95% CI 0.015-3.75; P<.001). Conclusions The study’s findings established pathways for future research and have implications for cancer patients’ workload. Better technology design and use can minimize perceived workload, which might contribute to the trust relationship between doctors and patients in this critical environment. Future human factors work needs to explore the workload and driving factors in longitudinal studies and assess whether these workloads might contribute to unintended patient outcomes and medical errors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Patient Workload and Its Impact on Outcomes During New Cancer Patient Visits: Analysis of a Convenience Sample

Elkefi,

Asan

2023

JMIR Hum Factors

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“…Moreover, if the participant’s hand is trembling, it will be challenging to draw strokes accurately. This makes sense because, as other studies have observed, AR places a cognitive and physical demand on users, which can cause fatigue and tiredness in the upper extremities [ 50 ]. This represents a design challenge, since there is also evidence that AR can be a great collaboration and learning tool, but it has to deal with aspects of the environment and physical effort that it imposes on users [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Architecture for Collaborative Terrain Sketching with Mobile Devices

Mendoza

Cortés-Dávalos

Sánchez-Adame

et al. 2021

Sensors

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3D terrains used in digital animations and videogames are typically created by several collaborators with a single-user application, which constrains them to update the shared terrain from their PCs, using a turn-taking strategy. Moreover, collaborators have to visualize the terrain through 2D views, confusing novice users when conceiving its shape in 3D. In this article, we describe an architecture for collaborative applications, which allow co-located users to sketch a terrain using their mobile devices concurrently. Two interaction modes are supplied: the standard one and an augmented reality-based mode, which helps collaborators understand the 3D terrain shape. Using the painting with brushesparadigm, users can modify the terrain while visualizing its shape evolution through the camera of their devices. Work coordination is promoted by enriching the 3D space with each collaborator’s avatar, which provides awareness information about identity, location, and current action. We implemented a collaborative application from this architecture that was tested by groups of users, who assessed its hedonic and pragmatic qualities in both interaction modes and compared them with the qualities of a similar Web terrain editor. The results showed that the augmented reality mode of our prototype was considered more attractive and usable by the participants.

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“…Despite its many benefits, AR also has some drawbacks. Briefly, due to relatively large body segment movements for AR interaction, AR use is known to pose significant musculoskeletal load in the shoulder regions (Kia et al, 2021). These previous studies may suggest that postural support may reduce potential shoulder strain during AR interactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a Shoulder-support Exoskeleton on Shoulder Strain during Augmented Reality Interactions

Kong,

Park,

Shim

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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This study determined whether a passive shoulder-support exoskeleton would reduce biomechanical load in the shoulders during augmented reality (AR) interactions. Twenty participants were recruited to a repeated-measures laboratory study to perform AR tasks with and without a shoulder-support exoskeleton. The AR tasks consisted of two standardized tasks (omni-directional pointing and cube placing task). Shoulder muscle activity, postures, discomfort, and task performance (i.e., completion time) were measured during the experimental sessions. The result showed that the shoulder muscle activity (trapezius and deltoid muscles) and subjective shoulder discomfort were significantly lower with the exoskeleton compared to the no-exoskeleton condition (p < 0.05). The shoulder posture data showed that the exoskeleton use increased the 50th percentile of the shoulder flexion (p = 0.02). In contrast, the exoskeleton had limited effects on task performance (p > 0.83). These results suggested that a shoulder-support exoskeleton may have potential to reduce shoulder strain during AR interactions.

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The effects of target size and error rate on the cognitive demand and stress during augmented reality interactions

Cited by 27 publications

References 58 publications

Perceived Patient Workload and Its Impact on Outcomes During New Cancer Patient Visits: Analysis of a Convenience Sample

Perceived Patient Workload and Its Impact on Outcomes During New Cancer Patient Visits: Analysis of a Convenience Sample

An Architecture for Collaborative Terrain Sketching with Mobile Devices

Effects of a Shoulder-support Exoskeleton on Shoulder Strain during Augmented Reality Interactions

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