The effects of temperature, pressure and dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in water on the wear of the hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (HDLC) at high temperature and pressurized water

Zin, Mohd Rody Bin Mohamad; Yagi, Yasuyuki; Sasaki, Keiichi; Inayoshi, Naruhiko; Tokoroyama, Takayuki; Umehara, Noritsugu; Kousaka, Hiroyuki; Kawara, Shingo

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2016.12.010

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…According to the lubrication mechanism of DLC films, the low friction and wear of DLC films in water are mainly ascribed to the formation of a hydration layer on the DLC surface. Increasing the temperature will decrease the viscosity of water and thus weaken the load-carrying capacity of the hydration layer, which finally results in the high and unstable COFs, as presented in Figure b. , The PNIPAM microgel reduced the COFs of water-lubricated Si 3 N 4 /DLC pairs, and the carbon nanomaterials further enhanced the friction reduction effect. Compared to the swelling state at 25 °C (Figure a), the collapsed state of the PNIPAM microgel at 35 °C (Figure b) was more effective in reducing friction because, in the collapse state, the gel was more easily deposited and formed a soft tribofilm on the friction interface.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanomaterials in Temperature-Responsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels for Controlled Release and Friction Reduction

Cao

Ding

Fan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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As a type of promising lubricating additive, carbon nanomaterials can realize ultralow friction with diamond-like carbon films in water. However, the long-term dispersion stability of their aqueous solution remains a challenge. Herein, we found that a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgel, which has been extensively used in nanodrug delivery, can considerably improve the dispersion stability of graphene oxide and hydroxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes in aqueous solutions, while achieving an ultralow friction coefficient of 0.02. On the basis of structural characterizations, rheological tests, and molecular dynamics simulations, the mechanism for good collaborative effects is ascribed to the unique hybrid structure formed by the carbon nanomaterials and PNIPAM microgel via the hydrogen bonds between them. Interestingly, on the basis of the temperature sensitivity of the PNIPAM microgel, the hybrid structure can be reversed by varying the temperature, realizing controllable release of carbon nanomaterials. Surface characterizations reveal that a soft polymer tribofilm comprising a microgel and released nanomaterials forms on the wear surface after friction, accounting for the reduced friction and wear. The developed temperature-sensitive nanocomposite microgels are ecofriendly and easy to prepare, exhibiting good application prospects in water lubrication systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanomaterials in Temperature-Responsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels for Controlled Release and Friction Reduction

Cao

Ding

Fan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…2 depicts its appearance. The autoclave, a heat and pressure-resistant container, simulates the high-temperature and high-pressure ethanol-water environment, as employed in this study [26]. Fig.…”

Section: Autoclave Friction Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Water on Wear of DLC Coatings in high temperature and pressurized Ethanol

Horikawa,

Mimata,

Umehara

et al. 2024

Preprint

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This study investigates the impact of moisture and dissolved oxygen on the wear behavior of a-C:H:Si coatings in high-temperature high-pressure ethanol-water conditions. Friction and wear tests were conducted on hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) and silicon-containing a-C:H:Si coatings under varying moisture levels (0 vol.%, 6 vol.%) and dissolved oxygen conditions (N2, O2 10 MPa) at 120°C. The results revealed distinct wear responses between a-C:H and a-C:H:Si coatings. Under O2 pressure, a-C:H coatings showed minimal change in wear with increasing moisture levels, while a-C:H:Si coatings exhibited a notable doubling in wear, indicating higher susceptibility to moisture. Auger electron spectroscopy analysis confirmed that a-C:H:Si coatings underwent surface oxidation with increased moisture, leading to significant changes in elemental composition. Additionally, atomic force microscopy scratch tests revealed surface softening in a-C:H:Si coatings, particularly under moisture conditions. The study suggests that moisture induces surface reactions in a-C:H:Si coatings, resulting in increased wear, providing insights into the wear mechanisms influenced by moisture and dissolved oxygen in ethanol-water environments.

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“…By varying the DO concentration in water to 0.73, 16.3 and 47.5 mg/L at 300°C, the wear rate increased 2.9 times from 5.9 to 16.8 × 10 −7 mm 3 /Nm. The wear mechanism of DLC in hot, pressurized water was considered on the basis of a Raman spectroscopy analysis, XPS analysis, AES analysis and AFM scratch test, where a graphitized soft top layer (generated at a water temperature of 300°C after oxidation) was removed [11]. The oxidation was governed by the activation energy, as reported by [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth Profile of Oxygen of Diamond-Like Carbon Sliding under Pressurized Hot Water

et al. 2017

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The wear mechanism of diamond-like carbon (DLC) in hot, pressurized water has been studied by the oxygen depth profile of DLC films pre and post a sliding test. The sliding test between DLC films coated on chromium molybdenum steel (JIS SCM420) pins and austenitic stainless steel (JIS SUS316) plates was conducted in a water environment by using high temperatures of 100, 200, 250 and 300°C and a high-pressured (10 MPa) autoclave friction tester. The dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) was 0.52 mg/L for oxygen-poor water and 40 mg/L for oxygen-rich water. The experimental results showed that the specific wear rate of DLC was strongly related to the water temperature and the DO concentration. The specific wear rate in both cases of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich water showed a temperature dependency. When the temperature was below 200°C, the specific wear rate of DLC did not depend on the DO concentration. On the other hand, when the water temperature was more than 200°C, the specific wear rate drastically increased with the DO concentration. In order to prove the effect of oxidation on the wear rate of DLC, the depth profile of the oxygen concentration was compared to that of the carbon concentration on the inside and outside of the wear scar of DLC after sliding tests in hot, pressurized water. When the concentration of DO in the water was low at 0.52 mg/L, the O/C ratio was not affected by the water temperature. On the other hand, when the concentration of DO in water was high at 40 mg/L, the O/C ratio of the top surface increased from 0.05 to 0.18 with an increase in the water temperature on the inside of the wear scar of DLC, where the O/C ratio on the inside of the wear scar was higher than that on the outside of the scar. On the basis of the estimated rate of reaction between DLC and oxygen, determined from a linear relationship between ln (Oxidation wear volume) and the inverse temperature, it was concluded that the oxidation of DLC governed the wear of DLC in hot, pressurized water. Friction was found to enhance the oxidation wear of DLC from the estimated activation energy.

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The effects of temperature, pressure and dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in water on the wear of the hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (HDLC) at high temperature and pressurized water

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Carbon Nanomaterials in Temperature-Responsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels for Controlled Release and Friction Reduction

Carbon Nanomaterials in Temperature-Responsive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgels for Controlled Release and Friction Reduction

Effect of Water on Wear of DLC Coatings in high temperature and pressurized Ethanol

Depth Profile of Oxygen of Diamond-Like Carbon Sliding under Pressurized Hot Water

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