The effects of the Chinese herbal medicine EMF01 on salicylate-induced tinnitus in rats

The effects of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists, WIN55,212-2 and CP55,940, on salicylate-induced tinnitus in rats

“…2: CP55,940 experiment: t(16) ¼ À4.926, P ¼ 0.0002, for SA group; t (16) ¼ À4.211, P ¼ 0.0019, for Vehicle þ SA group). This is consistent with the literature showing that a single injection of SA induces tinnitus in rats (Jastreboff et al, 1988;Rüttiger et al, 2003;Zheng et al, 2006Zheng et al, , 2007Zheng et al, , 2008Zheng et al, 2010) and confirms that vehicle treatment does not affect SA-induced tinnitus.…”

“…Therefore, when testing drug treatments for tinnitus, the drug effects may be compromised by the variation in tinnitus occurrence and assessment. In the present study, we showed that salicylate-induced tinnitus presents with different frequencies and amplitudes in individual rats and can be induced in the same rat repeatedly, which is consistent with our previous findings (Zheng et al, 2010). Our results suggest that pre-screening salicylateinduced tinnitus with individualised background tones is necessary for assessing drug treatment for tinnitus in rats.…”

“…Our previous experience with SA-induced tinnitus has shown that each rat responds differently to different frequencies and intensities of the background tone, both in the training phase and in the extinction phase (Zheng et al, 2010), which suggests that the ability to distinguish the offset of the tone from the background tone and the characteristics (frequency and intensity) of the tinnitus induced by SA may be different in individual rats. Therefore, the background tone used was individualised based on a screening test by administering SA to each rat and matching their tinnitus with a certain frequency and intensity of the background tones (See Table 1).…”

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that SA-induced tinnitus lasts for approximately 24 h and peaks at approximately 2 h following the s.c injection (Jastreboff et al, 1988;Zheng et al, 2006Zheng et al, , 2007Zheng et al, , 2008Zheng et al, , 2010.…”

Efficacy of Chinese herb Cistanche Yishen granules in treatment of tinnitus for patients with chronic nephritis

“…19 And in the present study, we for the first time demonstrated a kind of Chinese herb CYG was also effective in the treatment of tinnitus in the patients with chronic nephritis. In an animal study, it was demonstrated that a Chinese medicine Er Ming Fang was effective in the treatment of salicylate-induced tinnitus in rats.…”