The effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on metabolic risk factors in patients with chronic disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Lari, Arezou; Sohouli, Mohammad Hassan; Fatahi, Somaye; Cerqueira, Henrique Santa Capita; Santos, Heitor O.; Pourrajab, Behnaz; Rezaei, Mahshid; Saneie, Solaleh; Rahideh, Seyedeh Tayebeh

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.030

Cited by 80 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In a 12-week randomized controlled clinical trial in Iran [ 9 ], this dietary pattern appears to improve ADHD symptoms, measured by the Abbreviated Conners Scale (ACS), the 18-item Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham scale (SNAP-IV), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Although there is only one study with DASH in ADHD, it is reasonable to think it could be beneficial to these patients because of its known health benefits [ 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 ].…”

Section: Nutritional and Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood, affecting ~7% of children and adolescents. Given its adverse health outcomes and high healthcare and societal costs, other treatment options beyond pharmacotherapy have been explored. Case-control studies have shown that dietary patterns may influence the risk of ADHD, and specific dietary interventions have been proposed as coadjuvant treatments in this disorder. These include nutritional supplements, gut microbiome-targeted interventions with biotics, and elimination diets. The purpose of this review is to examine which dietary patterns are most associated with ADHD and to summarize the existing evidence for the clinical use of dietary interventions. The literature showed that non-healthy dietary patterns were positively associated with ADHD, whereas healthy patterns were negatively associated. As for nutritional supplements, only vitamin D and vitamin D + magnesium appeared to improve ADHD symptoms when baseline levels of vitamin D were insufficient/deficient. Regarding biotics, evidence was only found for Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and for multi-species probiotic supplementation. Elimination diets have scarce evidence and lead to nutritional deficiencies, so caution is advised. Overall, more robust scientific evidence is required for these dietary interventions to be implemented as part of ADHD therapy.

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Section: Nutritional and Dietary Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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“…Dietary interventions remain an attractive strategy in the management of NAFLD and cardiometabolic problems, especially due to the improvement in indicators of adiposity, serum lipids, glycemic control, and blood pressure (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13). In recent years, IF regimens have gained massive popularity in the field of clinical nutrition as a method of energy restriction, possibly because patients are more likely to accept and adhere to lifestyle changes than taking pills daily (14)(15)(16)(17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the 5:2 intermittent fasting diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial

et al. 2022

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Background and aimsDietary regimens are crucial in the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The effects of intermittent fasting (IF) have gained attention in this regard, but further research is warranted. Thus, we aimed to ascertain the overall effects of the 5:2 IF diet (5 days a week of normal food intake and 2 consecutive fasting days) in patients with NAFLD compared to a control group (usual diet).Methods and resultsA 12-week randomized controlled trial was performed to evaluate the effects of the 5:2 IF diet on anthropometric indices, body composition, liver indices, serum lipids, glucose metabolism, and inflammatory markers in patients with NAFLD. The IF group (n = 21) decreased body weight (86.65 ± 12.57–82.94 ± 11.60 kg), body mass index (30.42 ± 2.27–29.13 ± 1.95 kg/m2), waist circumference (103.52 ± 6.42–100.52 ± 5.64 cm), fat mass (26.64 ± 5.43–23.85 ± 5.85 kg), fibrosis (6.97 ± 1.94–5.58 ± 1.07 kPa), steatosis scores/CAP (313.09 ± 25.45–289.95 ± 22.36 dB/m), alanine aminotransferase (41.42 ± 20.98–28.38 ± 15.21 U/L), aspartate aminotransferase (34.19 ± 10.88–25.95 ± 7.26 U/L), triglycerides (171.23 ± 39.88–128.04 ± 34.88 mg/dl), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (2.95 ± 0.62 −2.40 ± 0.64 mg/L), and cytokeratin-18 (1.32 ± 0.06–1.19 ± 0.05 ng/ml) values compared to the baseline and the end of the control group (n = 23)—p ≤ 0.05 were considered as significant. However, the intervention did not change the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, insulin, HOMA-IR, and total antioxidant capacity.ConclusionAdhering to the 5:2 IF diet can reduce weight loss and related parameters (fat mass and anthropometric indicators of obesity), as well as hepatic steatosis, liver enzymes, triglycerides, and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with NAFLD.

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“…Thanks to these attractive mechanisms, IF has also gained massive attention as a weight loss approach, since the AMPK-sirtuin 1 signalizing pathway is triggered by energy depletion [12][13][14]. However, it is crucial to note that weight loss per se can ameliorate metabolic aspects of cardiovascular diseases and accompanying low-grade inflammation [15][16][17][18][19][20]. Thus, a critical appraisal geared toward the general effects of IF regimens on weight loss must be done in an effort to draw pragmatic conclusions for scientists, dietitians, physicians, and other health practitioners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent Fasting and Fat Mass: What Is the Clinical Magnitude?

Santos

2022

Obesities

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Clinical studies addressing the benefits of intermittent fasting (IF) diets have evoked interest in the treatment of obesity. Herein, the overall effects of IF regimens on fat-mass loss are explained in a brief review through a recent literature update. To date, human studies show a reduction in fat mass from 0.7 to 11.3 kg after IF regimens, in which the duration of interventions ranges from two weeks to one year. In light of this, IF regimens can be considered a reasonable approach to weight (fat mass) loss. However, the benefits of IF regimens occur thanks to energy restriction and cannot hence be considered the best dietary protocol compared to conventional diets.

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The effects of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on metabolic risk factors in patients with chronic disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cited by 80 publications

References 45 publications

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

Eating Patterns and Dietary Interventions in ADHD: A Narrative Review

Effects of the 5:2 intermittent fasting diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial

Intermittent Fasting and Fat Mass: What Is the Clinical Magnitude?

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