The effects of the high penetration of renewable energies on the reliability and vulnerability of interconnected electric power systems

Probabilistic forecasting informed failure prognostics framework for improved RUL prediction under uncertainty: A transformer case study

“…The feature selection step is focused on the recursive feature elimination (RFE) procedure [60,61] and the CRPS is used to rank the results and select the best model and its features [cf. (17)].…”

“…In particular, in the area of power and energy systems, owing to the increasing advent of dynamic and stochastic energy applications, monitoring and reliability applications are rapidly departing from deterministic operation contexts [16,17]. This application context, including renewable energy systems [18] and electric vehicles [19], along with the inherent PHM modelling uncertainties, invalidates the use of deterministic lifetime models owing to the generated dynamics and sources of uncertainty that affect the operation conditions and lifetime management practices [20,21].…”

Key Optimization Issues for Renewable Energy Systems under Carbon-Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Targets: Current States and燩erspectives

“…The continued increase in the proportion of renewables improves the capacity and flexibility of the grid. Nevertheless, their intermittency and volatility potentially threatens the reliability and security of the grid or grids themselves [28,29]. Thus, it is crucial and significant to promote the implementation of low-carbon development by way of accurately analyzing and properly addressing the impact of renewable energy growth on reliability and security.…”

Stochastic Modeling of Renewable Energy Sources for Capacity Credit Evaluation

“…As the capacity of RE power generation-particularly variable RE such as solar and wind-has been increasing, dealing with the uncertainties associated with supply availability is one of the difficult tasks in power system planning and operation [19,[27][28][29][30][31]. Due to this availability issue, unsuitable RE integration or operations can lead to a decrease in system reliability or even lead to power outages.…”

“…For instance, the RE integration can result in difficulties in setting both operating and long-term reserves [32]. Different levels of RE penetration and operational behaviors also have impacts on the reliability and vulnerability of electrical power networks [27]. It was also found that the levels of RE generation mix prior to an outage event are associated with the degree of outages [13].…”