The Effects of the National System of Social Security Over Senior Entrepreneurs

Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to analyze the relationship between the national systems of social security and senior entrepreneurial activity. To understand the growing phenomenon of senior entrepreneurship, the authors developed a multilevel model using a dataset from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor that allows them to relate country-level variables, such as social security contributions, level of economic development, government support and policies, and burden taxes and bureaucracy, with individual-level variables, such as the household income, experience fear of failure, and type of business. This chapter contributes to the literature of the contextual determinants of entrepreneurship by examining multilevel data on 42,100 individuals from 31 countries members of the OECD for the period of 2010–2016. The findings indicate that the country-level predictor of social security contributions has a negative effect but statistically non-significant relationship with the decision to engage in senior entrepreneurial activity.

Appraising the role of age among senior entrepreneurial intentions. European analysis based on HDI

“…Entrepreneurial activity is an engine of growth and should be encouraged (Acs et al , 2009; Acs and Stough, 2008; Lazear, 2005; Morris et al , 2013; Palma-Ruiz et al , 2020; Villegas Mateos and Amorós, 2020). The emergence of new ventures raises competition levels, reinforce diversity to the demand side, create job opportunities and increase tax revenue, providing general improvement in income generation (Storey, 1994).…”

“…Besides, in the last three years, there has been a 37% growth in publications relating to senior entrepreneurship. In this ebullition of studies, seminal and contemporary research is revealed, addressing aspects such as retirement and age for work (Dollinger et al , 1988), entrepreneurship as a second career (Baucus and Human, 1995; Ratten, 2019), the role of the elderly in society and self-employment (Curran and Blackburn, 2001; Figueiredo and Paiva, 2019), the effect of age on entrepreneurial behaviour (Lévesque and Minniti, 2006; Amorós et al , 2019; Weber and Schaper, 2004), along with comparisons between entrepreneurship in the third and first ages (Hart et al , 2004; Kautonen, 2008; Rehak et al , 2017; Villegas Mateos and Amorós, 2020).…”

“…A likely justification for this higher probability of success can be observed in previous studies that point to senior entrepreneurs as people with more significant accumulation of human capital acquired from their experiences throughout their career. Moreover, entrepreneurs who postpone their retirement in exchange for entrepreneurship’s challenge have more outstanding economic capital (Villegas Mateos and Amorós, 2020). Working beyond official retirement age is the underlying reason of setting up new businesses among a third of the seniors.…”

Senior and technology entrepreneurship: An analysis forOECDcountries

“…As a second objective, we analyze whether individual drivers for being a technology entrepreneur differ between senior and non-senior entrepreneurs. In doing so, this paper contributes to a better understanding of the best conditions for enhancing seniors' entrepreneurial initiatives given that empirical research on this issue is still scarce (Villegas Mateos & Amor os, 2020).…”