The effects of tillage on seed-soil contact and seedling establishment

Blunk, Sebastian; Bussell, Jennifer; Sparkes, Debbie L.; Heer, Martine I. de; Mooney, Sacha J.; Sturrock, Craig J.

doi:10.1016/j.still.2020.104757

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The wheat separator plays a role in compacting the soil entering the opener through the orifice. The importance of the compacted seedbed lies in enhancing the contact between the soil and wheat seeds, thereby improving water supply maintenance for wheat seed germination under diverse environmental conditions [44][45][46]. supply maintenance for wheat seed germination under diverse environmental conditions [44][45][46].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of the compacted seedbed lies in enhancing the contact between the soil and wheat seeds, thereby improving water supply maintenance for wheat seed germination under diverse environmental conditions [44][45][46]. supply maintenance for wheat seed germination under diverse environmental conditions [44][45][46]. Several parameters govern the design of the orifice, and the selection of the main parameters should eliminate the need for consideration of other factors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Processes 2024, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 5 of 24 supply maintenance for wheat seed germination under diverse environmental conditions [44][45][46]. Several parameters govern the design of the orifice, and the selection of the main parameters should eliminate the need for consideration of other factors.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optimal Design and Discrete Element Method Model Development of the Acute Angle Hoe Opener for No-Till System

Wang,

Kang,

Adilet

et al. 2024

Processes

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A specialized hoe opener was engineered for no-till systems to apply substantial amounts of wheat seeds and granular fertilizers, effectively suppressing early stage weeds. This distinctive hoe opener plants wheat seeds within a 120 mm wide horizontal band, positioning granular fertilizers precisely at the band’s center, all accomplished in a single pass. Notably, the design excels at covering the fertilizer with soil aggregates, compacting it through a wheat separator, and concurrently depositing wheat seeds from above. Our primary research objectives centered on achieving a consistent seedbed post-fertilizer application and ensuring a uniform distribution of wheat seeds within the horizontal band. The DEM (Discrete Element Method) was exploited to optimize the hoe opener’s parameters. Through extensive simulations and comparisons with experimental outcomes, an optimal wing orifice AB length of 60 mm was identified, effectively covering granular fertilizers with soil aggregates and achieving compaction through the wheat separator. Furthermore, parameters of the wheat seed separator’s hump were fine-tuned using the Box–Behnken algorithm, resulting in an optimal dimension of 40 mm for the top radius (A), 140 degrees for the top angle (B), and 90 mm for the bottom length (C).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Optimal Design and Discrete Element Method Model Development of the Acute Angle Hoe Opener for No-Till System

Wang,

Kang,

Adilet

et al. 2024

Processes

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show abstract

“…For example, in tilled soils, aggregates in the seedbed are usually prepared to conform to a granular or crumb‐like structure. These aggregates, often less than a few centimetres in diameter, are often rounded, and when packed together, they generate a structure that is porous, supporting germination, seedling establishment and root elongation (Blunk et al, 2021 ). However, in native or undisturbed soils, aggregates tend to be larger and more irregular in shape, depending on the dominant factors of soil formation.…”

Section: Trajectory Of Soil Impedance As a Primary Constraint To Root...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Future roots for future soils

Lynch

Mooney

Strock

et al. 2021

Plant Cell & Environment

Self Cite

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Mechanical impedance constrains root growth in most soils. Crop cultivation changed the impedance characteristics of native soils, through topsoil erosion, loss of organic matter, disruption of soil structure and loss of biopores. Increasing adoption of Conservation Agriculture in high-input agroecosystems is returning cultivated soils to the soil impedance characteristics of native soils, but in the low-input agroecosystems characteristic of developing nations, ongoing soil degradation is generating more challenging environments for root growth. We propose that root phenotypes have evolved to adapt to the altered impedance characteristics of cultivated soil during crop domestication. The diverging trajectories of soils under Conservation Agriculture and low-input agroecosystems have implications for strategies to develop crops to meet global needs under climate change. We present several root ideotypes as breeding targets under the impedance regimes of both high-input and low-input agroecosystems, as well as a set of root phenotypes that should be useful in both scenarios. We argue that a 'whole plant in whole soil' perspective will be useful in guiding the development of future crops for future soils.

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“…might, however, be challenging as the crop is very demanding in terms of seedbed preparations for its successful establishment (Lecomte and Longueval, 2013). This could reduce the seed-soil contact thereby affecting the seed imbibition process, crop emergence, and a uniform and robust crop establishment (Blunk et al, 2021). This is especially true under south European conditions where water stress during the summer is the major limiting factor for field crops both before and after crop establishment (Debaeke et al, 2017b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variability for Early Growth Traits in Second Season Sunflower

Lamichhane

Wojciechowski²,

Bourgeois³

et al. 2022

Front. Agron.

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Sowing a second season crop following the harvest of a first crop (hereafter referred to as double cropping) is a practice that allows for temporal diversification of cropping systems to increase the efficiency of land use and yield per unit area while improving the ecosystem services. Sunflower is particularly suitable for double cropping, especially under the current context of Southern Europe. However, planting sunflower in double cropping may result in poor establishment as the crop is very demanding in terms of seedbed preparations. In addition, most sunflower varieties available to date belong to late maturity groups (MGs), which were bred for conventional cropping. Planting these varieties in double cropping may further exacerbate the risk of crop establishment failure. Here, we performed laboratory and growth chamber phenotyping of 11 hybrid oilseed sunflower varieties with contrasting MGs and assessed their field performance for two consecutive years (2020 and 2021). We measured the variables, such as seed germination, seedling emergence dynamics and final rates, and post-emergence damage, as these characteristics are important for a uniform and robust crop establishment. Under laboratory conditions, we found statistically significant effect of varieties on cardinal temperatures and water potential for germination. Under growth chamber conditions, the maximum heterotrophic growth of the hypocotyl was higher (i.e., 85 mm) compared to that of the radicle (i.e., 80 mm). The seedling mortality rates under soil aggregates ranged from 0 to 12%, depending on the size and spatial distribution of soil aggregates in the seedbed. Under field conditions, the final rates of seed germination ranged from 87 to 98% and from 99 to 100%, while those of the seedling emergence ranged from 58 to 87% and from 78 to 94%, in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The average final rates of postemergence damage ranged from 13 to 44% and from 3 to 18% in 2020 and 2021, respectively. Bird damage was the main cause of pre- and postemergence losses. We found that a good sunflower establishment in double cropping is possible in the southwestern conditions of France, provided that there is no water stress in the seedbed. An optimal seedbed moisture ensures a rapid crop emergence and limits pre-and postemergence damage due to birds, by reducing the duration of the crop establishment phase, which is highly vulnerable to bird damage.

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The effects of tillage on seed-soil contact and seedling establishment

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Optimal Design and Discrete Element Method Model Development of the Acute Angle Hoe Opener for No-Till System

Optimal Design and Discrete Element Method Model Development of the Acute Angle Hoe Opener for No-Till System

Future roots for future soils

Genetic Variability for Early Growth Traits in Second Season Sunflower

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