The Effects of Titanium Topography and Chemical Composition on Human Osteoblast Cell

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare titanium surfaces: machined (MA); sintered ceramic-blasted (HAS); sintered ceramic-blasted and acid-etched (HAS DE) and to determine the effects of surface topography, roughness and chemical composition on human osteoblast cell reaction. Titanium surface samples were analyzed with respect to surface chemical composition, topography, and roughness. The effects of material surface characteristics on osteoblasts was examined by analyzing osteoblast morphology, viability and differentiation. Osteoblasts cultured on these materials had attached, spread and proliferated on every sample. The viability of osteoblasts cultured on HAS and HAS DE samples increased more intensively in time comparing to MA sample. The viability of osteoblast cultured on HAS samples increased more intensively in the early phases of culture while for cells cultured on HAS DE the cells viability increased later in time. Alkaline phosphate activity was the highest for the cells cultured on HAS sample and statistically higher than for the MA sample. The least activity occurred on the smooth MA sample along with the rougher HAS DE samples. All the examined samples were found to be biocompatible, as indicated by cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Titanium surfaces modification improved the dynamics of osteoblast viability increase. Osteoblast differentiation was found to be affected by the etching procedure and presence of Ca and P on the surface.

Enhancement of in vitro antibacterial activity and bioactivity of iodine‐loaded titanium by micro‐scale regulation using mixed‐acid treatment

“…Surface topography and chemical composition are key factors affecting the cellular response, apatite formation and antibacterial activity. [45][46][47] A number of studies have revealed that a micro-structured surface improves the initial stability of the implant, while a nano-structured surface improves cell adhesion and differentiation. [48][49][50] Recently, a hierarchical micro/nano-structured surface has attracted attention in terms of designing the optimum implant surface structure and its effect was compared with a micro-structured surface.…”

Translating Material Science into Bone Regenerative Medicine Applications: State-of-The Art Methods and Protocols

“…Cell localization and distribution on the biomaterial can be analyzed by simply labeling the nuclei at different timepoints after cell seeding on the scaffold [ 52 ]. The morphology of the biomaterial-seeded cells can also be examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [ 14 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 ], as well as the intracellular structures by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) [ 65 , 68 ]. Cell morphology and distribution can also be assessed using immunofluorescence staining of actin filaments, by means of anti-phalloidin antibodies among others, which allows for the analysis of the cytoskeleton conformation of cell growth in contact with the biomaterials [ 14 , 52 , 54 , 55 , 57 , 60 , 62 , 64 , 65 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ].…”

“…Different cell lines also find an approved use in the field: the most used is the mouse calvarial preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cell line [ 52 , 54 , 62 , 63 , 71 , 78 , 80 , 82 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 90 , 114 ]. Other reported cell lines are: human osteosarcoma SaOS-2 cells [ 56 , 64 , 88 ], the mouse osteoblastic KUSA-A1 cell line [ 84 ], the human osteoblast NHOst-Osteoblasts OGM cell line [ 66 ], and the human osteosarcoma MG63 osteoblast-like cells [ 58 , 95 , 97 ].…”

“…The analysis of alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) activity is one of the most common tests used to evaluate the osteogenic process and numerous easy-to-use and highly sensitive assays to measure ALPL activity are available on the market [ 14 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 58 , 61 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 70 , 71 , 73 , 76 , 79 , 80 , 83 , 85 , 86 , 88 , 90 , 91 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 107 , 114 , 115 ].…”

Can activated titanium interbody cages accelerate or enhance spinal fusion? a review of the literature and a design for clinical trials

“…Enhancements to implant topography and architecture, including surface treatments and porous technologies, can putatively accelerate osseointegration and osteoconduction, which is key to long-term biomechanical function of interbody devices [11,14,15]. Further, interlaced lattice or scaffold designs can mimic cancellous bone structure through a microscopic porous implant-bone interface that can promote osteogenesis and bony fusion over the longterm [16][17][18].…”