The effects of unemployment on juvenile offending

Fergusson, David M.; Lynskey, Michael; Horwood, L. John

doi:10.1002/cbm.144

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…First, unemployment is often a focal phenomenon in research in sociology (McDonald et al, 2007;Roelfs et al, 2011) and economics (e.g., Biewen & Steffes, 2010;Machin & Manning, 1999). Second, as unemployment has been associated with high crime rate at both the individual and community levels of analysis (e.g., Fergusson, Lynskey, & Horwood, 1997;Jones, 1995;Kapuscinski, Braithwaite, & Chapman, 1998), criminologists may explore job search interventions as a potential crime-prevention strategy. Second, as unemployment has been associated with high crime rate at both the individual and community levels of analysis (e.g., Fergusson, Lynskey, & Horwood, 1997;Jones, 1995;Kapuscinski, Braithwaite, & Chapman, 1998), criminologists may explore job search interventions as a potential crime-prevention strategy.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of job search interventions: A meta-analytic review.

Liu¹,

Huang²,

Wang³

2014

Psychological Bulletin

242

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current meta-analytic review examined the effectiveness of job search interventions in facilitating job search success (i.e., obtaining employment). Major theoretical perspectives on job search interventions, including behavioral learning theory, theory of planned behavior, social cognitive theory, and coping theory, were reviewed and integrated to derive a taxonomy of critical job search intervention components. Summarizing the data from 47 experimentally or quasi-experimentally evaluated job search interventions, we found that the odds of obtaining employment were 2.67 times higher for job seekers participating in job search interventions compared to job seekers in the control group, who did not participate in such intervention programs. Our moderator analysis also suggested that job search interventions that contained certain components, including teaching job search skills, improving self-presentation, boosting self-efficacy, encouraging proactivity, promoting goal setting, and enlisting social support, were more effective than interventions that did not include such components. More important, job search interventions effectively promoted employment only when both skill development and motivation enhancement were included. In addition, we found that job search interventions were more effective in helping younger and older (vs. middle-aged) job seekers, short-term (vs. long-term) unemployed job seekers, and job seekers with special needs and conditions (vs. job seekers in general) to find employment. Furthermore, meta-analytic path analysis revealed that increased job search skills, job search self-efficacy, and job search behaviors partially mediated the positive effect of job search interventions on obtaining employment. Theoretical and practical implications and future research directions are discussed.

show abstract

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of job search interventions: A meta-analytic review.

Liu¹,

Huang²,

Wang³

2014

Psychological Bulletin

242

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Dropouts from high school have been found to drink more than their former fellow students, as well being involved in all kinds of problem behaviour including use of illicit drugs, crime and other types of antisocial behaviour [11][12][13][14][15]. This might be due to the status of a dropout, often implying unemployment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol intoxication and school dropout

Wichstrøm

1998

Drug and Alcohol Review

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the study was to investigate if alcohol intoxications predict dropout from senior high school over and beyond the effect of alcohol consumption and to seek out potential confounding or mediating mechanisms in the form of a longitudinal cohort-sequential survey. The participants were a nationally representative sample of Norwegian junior and senior high school students (n=5308). Measures used were of alcohol consumption, number of intoxications, school dropout, conduct problems, drug use, friends' problem behaviour, truancy, attitude to school, educational aspirations, grades, homework, youth centrism, leisure time activities, religiosity, depression, academic self-concept, attachment to parents. Intoxications did override the effect of alcohol consumption and predicted dropout. This effect was confounded by parental attachment, whereas truancy and associating with peers high in problem behaviour mediated the effect of intoxications. Frequent alcohol intoxications increase the risk for school dropout by means of increased truancy and differential association with counternormative peers.

show abstract

“…Unemployment has been found to have an independent effect on offending when controlling for a range of risk factors. For example, in a New Zealand cohort, longer periods of unemployment were associated with increasing rates of conviction (Fergusson, Lynskey, & Horwood, 1997). A similar pattern was observed by Ouimet and Le Blanc (1997) who examined a cohort of men who, as boys, were placed on probation or into custody.…”

Section: Unemploymentmentioning

confidence: 67%

The impact of snares on the continuity of adolescent-onset antisocial behaviour: A test of Moffitt’s developmental taxonomy

McGee

Hayatbakhsh

Bor

et al. 2015

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Moffitt's dual typology of 'life-course persistent' and 'adolescence limited' offending has received extensive empirical attention, but the extent to which the antisocial behaviour of adolescence limited offenders is constrained to adolescence is relatively under-examined. Using data from the Australian Mater University Study of Pregnancy and its Outcomes, we explore Moffitt's concept of snares, or those factors that may lead to an adolescent persisting in antisocial behaviour such as drug addiction, educational failure, and contact with the justice system. The Mater University Study of Pregnancy and its Outcomes is a longitudinal study of mother-child dyads from the pre-natal stage to 21 years of age. Findings show that one-third of individuals identified as having an adolescent onset of antisocial behaviour persisted with this antisocial behaviour as young adults. This continuity can, in part, be explained by snares and the research suggests that reducing exposure to snares may lead to less antisocial behaviour in adulthood.

show abstract

The effects of unemployment on juvenile offending

Abstract: This study examined the associations between duration of unemployment and a series of measures of young offending in a birth cohort of New

Cited by 25 publications

References 30 publications

Effectiveness of job search interventions: A meta-analytic review.

Effectiveness of job search interventions: A meta-analytic review.

Alcohol intoxication and school dropout

The impact of snares on the continuity of adolescent-onset antisocial behaviour: A test of Moffitt’s developmental taxonomy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About