The Effects of Urban Spatial Structure on Travel Demand in the United States

Bento, Antonio M.; Cropper, Maureen; Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq; Vinha, Katja

doi:10.1162/0034653054638292

Cited by 419 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…commuting) is measured at the individual level (e.g. Boarnet and Sarmiento 1998;Crane and Crepeau 1998;Giuliano and Narayan 2003;Handy et al 2005;Bento et al 2005).…”

Section: Determinants Of Commuting Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities

2017

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Studies on cities in Europe and the United States have demonstrated that travel behaviour is influenced by urban form. Based on these findings policies steering the shape of cities have been proposed to reduce urban transport emissions and limit congestion. Such policies can also be relevant for the rapidly growing and motorising Chinese cities. Yet, empirical evidence on the relationships between urban form and car usage is scarce for the specific Chinese context that is characterised by high densities, fast development and strong government steering. Using novel crowd-sourced datasets we study the impact of several urban form variables (city size, urban density, land-use mix, polycentricity and spatial clustering) on the cost of commuting expressed in time and distance. The results show that city size and spatial clustering are important determinants of commuting: large cities without clear clusters of businesses and other facilities have longer average commuting times and distances. Increased prosperity also adds to longer and lengthier commutes. Spatial planning measures that maintain or reinforce high-density clusters can help limiting commuting distance and time. Current sprawled urban development may have long-term, negative consequences for the accessibility and liveability of Chinese cities and could hamper their economic potential.

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“…commuting) is measured at the individual level (e.g. Boarnet and Sarmiento 1998;Crane and Crepeau 1998;Giuliano and Narayan 2003;Handy et al 2005;Bento et al 2005).…”

Section: Determinants Of Commuting Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bento et al 2005;Boarnet and Sarmiento 1998;Ewing and Cervero 2010;Gordon et al 1989;Lin et al 2015;Khattak and Rodriguez 2005;Krizek 2003;Schwanen et al 2004;Stead 1999) and on mitigating transport CO 2 emissions (e.g. Grazi et al 2008;Hickman and Banister 2007;Ma et al 2015;Qin and Han 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities

2017

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“…Works of Bento et al (2005) on transit ridership suggests that weather influences bus and rail transit quite differently. Therefore, separating the two may have resulted in slightly different results.…”

Section: Limitations and Recommendations For Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the impact of weather conditions on active transportation travel behaviour

Saneinejad

Roorda

Kennedy

2012

Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

207

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Three weather sensitive multinomial logit models are estimated using the 2001 Transportation Tomorrow Survey in order explore the relationship between weather and home-based work trips within the City of Toronto, focusing on active modes of transportation. The data is restricted to non-captive commuters who have the option of alternating between all five basic modes of auto driver, auto passenger, transit, bike and walk with change in weather. Daily trip rates in various weather conditions are assessed. The combined effect of the daily trip rate and mode choice analysis is applied to several climate change scenarios. A 6 o C increase in temperature can increase cycling trips by 17%, and reduce auto-passenger trips by 7%. A 20% increase or decrease in precipitation, however, is found to have much smaller impacts on all modes. Overall, the results confirm that impact of weather on active modes of transportation is significant enough to deserve attention at the research, data collection and planning levels.iii

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“…These studies have been mostly quantitative in nature, and most have cited the need to be complemented by more qualitative studies (Bento et al 2005, Khattak and Rodriguez 2005, Krizek 2003, Cervero and Krockman 1997 They have been complicated by several factors: some of them being endogeneity between mobility behaviour of those in transit dependent neighbourhoods; there is concern that people who dislike driving may selfselect themselves into areas with public transport; and also endogeneity of urban form; and supply of public transit.…”

Section: Transportation In Indian Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land, Infrastructure and Ecological Sustainability in Indian Cities

Wankhade¹,

Balakrishnan²

2011

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Land is one of the most contested and valuable of natural resources in urban areas. While many of the contestations may be primarily due to its economic value as territory, land is far more than the observable space. Land is an integral part of the urban ecological fabric and is closely linked to the dynamics of other resources like water and energy. The relationship between the nature and intensity of land-use, resource consumption and ecosystem functioning is of critical significance for urban sustainability. Urban spatial patterns which are mostly a result of planning paradigms and decisions, land availability and transportation choices can significantly influence urban resource consumption. This paper first examines broader issues around land, focusing specifically on land cover, land use, and densities, and then examines the inter-linkages between land and the infrastructure sectors of water, energy, and transport. The paper examines the current literature on Indian cities as well as some key international articles, focusing in particular on identifying the knowledge gaps and next steps for research, practice and policy in this domain.

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The Effects of Urban Spatial Structure on Travel Demand in the United States

Cited by 419 publications

References 21 publications

The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities

The impact of urban form on commuting in large Chinese cities

Modelling the impact of weather conditions on active transportation travel behaviour

Land, Infrastructure and Ecological Sustainability in Indian Cities

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