The effects of varied plant density and nitrogen fertilization on quantity and quality yield of Camelina sativa L.

Abstract

False flax (Camelina sativa L.), is an oil plant, of the Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) family. It is a rediscovered crop with multiple uses, it is a frost proof, low-soil and climatic conditions plant. In Poland the variety is not very widespread, despite of its health benefits. The particular value of camelina oil is given by its content in polyunsaturated fatty acid (50-60%), by its content in omega 3 (35-40%) and by its content in omega 6 (15-20%). The seeds are used for the extraction of oil (used in medicine or as bio fuel) or directly as animal feed. The research was carried out in the years 2012-2014 at the Experimental Station of Cultivar Assessment in Przecław, Poland. The summer Camelina sativa cv. ‘Omega’was used for the experiment. The studied factors were: A-plant density (200, 300, 400 pcs. m-2) and B-nitrogen fertilization (50, 100 kg∙ha-1). With the increase of the sowing density significantly increased plant density after emergence and before harvest, but reduced the number of silicles per plant. Increase in the rates of sowing from 200 to 400 pcs. m-2 decreased the 1000 seeds weight. Sowing 200 seeds m-2 compared to higher norms had significant effect on reduction the number of seeds in silicle, seed yield and the content of the seeds Fe, but resulted in an increase in the content of the seeds Mn and Zn. On the other hand, sowing 400 seeds m-2 caused a reduction the protein in the seeds, K, and Mg, and an increase fat yield and crude fat content in seeds. The higher nitrogen dose significantly increased the number of silicles per plant, total protein content, Fe, Zn in the seeds, seed yield, yield total protein and the percentage of linoleic and linolenic acids, while reduced the number of seeds per silicle, the crude fat content in seeds and the percentage of oleic acid.

Realizing the Potential of Camelina sativa as a Bioenergy Crop for a Changing Global Climate

“…High air temperatures during flowering and seed filling are generally associated with low oil contents but high protein contents within C. sativa seed [ 62 ]. Furthermore, increased N application rates can increase protein contents, with an associated decrease in oil contents [ 73 , 87 , 93 , 94 ]. Such increased nitrogen applications are known to increase protein at the expense of fatty acid synthesis due to the competition for carbon skeleton during carbohydrate metabolism [ 95 ].…”

Major Chemical Compounds and Mineral Elements of Astragalus membranaceus Cultivated on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau with Different Planting Densities

“…[26] Previous studies have indicated that the use of optimal planting density can increase the secondary metabolite content of numerous medicinal plants, such as Rheum tanguticum Maxim. ex Balf, [27] Camelina sativa L., [28] yellow gentian [29] and Moringa oleifera. [30] Furthermore, an increase in planting density within a certain range leads to an increase in biomass yield.…”

Camelina, an ancient oilseed crop actively contributing to the rural renaissance in Europe. A review

“…1e). The final number of silicles per plant can range from approximately 60 to 115, and it is positively and negatively correlated with increased N fertilization and increased sowing density, respectively (Czarnik et al 2017(Czarnik et al , 2018. At the end of their expansion, silicles are 4-5 mm wide and 6-8 mm long (Martinelli and Galasso 2011).…”

“…Each silique can contain 10-20 small seeds (Czarnik et al 2017;Jankowski et al 2019;Martinelli and Galasso 2011). In fact, 1000-seed weight varies from 0.7 to 1.8 g (Angelini et al 1997;Czarnik et al 2017Czarnik et al , 2018Jankowski et al 2019;Righini et al 2019;Vollmann et al 2007;Załuski et al 2020;Zanetti et al 2017;Zubr 1997). Older studies report a negative correlation between seed weight and both seed and oil yield.…”

“…Research carried out across Europe demonstrates that camelina seed yield is influenced by both climate and cultivar (Table 2). Camelina seed production in European environments ranges between 1.3 and 3.3 Mg DM ha −1 (Angelini et al 1997;Czarnik et al 2017Czarnik et al , 2018Jankowski et 2 T base = − 0.7°C 2019; Krzyżaniak et al 2019;Kurasiak-Popowska et al 2018;Masella et al 2014;Royo-Esnal and Valencia-Gredilla 2018;Stolarski et al 2018;Vollmann et al 2007;Załuski et al 2020;Zanetti et al 2017;Zubr 1997). Seed yield is strongly affected by weather conditions and is higher with milder temperatures during the growing season (Jankowski et al 2019;Krzyżaniak et al 2019;Załuski et al 2020;Zanetti et al 2017;Zubr 1997).…”