The Effects of Various Constant Temperatures on the Development of the Free Living-Stages of Some Nematode Parasites of Cattle

Ciordia, H.; We, Bizzell

doi:10.2307/3275675

Cited by 43 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The rapid larval development at high temperatures has been already reported by Ciordia and Bizzell (1963). These authors observed that the development from eggs to third stage larvae of T. colubriformis only required 4 days at 25°C.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Comparative efficacy of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans against Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in goat faeces: influence of the duration and of the temperature of coproculture

et al. 2005

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Amongst the alternative strategies to the use of anthelmintics, the administration of Duddingtonia flagrans spores has already proved its efficacy in reducing the number of developing larvae of several nematode species in goat faeces. In this trial, the efficacy of this fungus against the larvae of the three major nematode species of goats was compared in various conditions of coproculture. Twelve strongyle free goats were experimentally infected with either Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Teladorsagia circumcincta or Haemonchus contortus larvae. Half of the animals received an oral dose of 5x10(5) Duddingtonia chlamydospores/kg BW daily for 27 days, whereas the remaining was kept as control goats. From the 7th day of administration onwards, individual coproscopical examinations as well as coprocultures, which were incubated 4, 7, 10 or 14 days at 21 or 28 degrees C, were performed. The reduction in developing larvae due to the activity of Duddingtonia ranged from 62.8 to 99.5% compared to control. The trapping efficacy depended on temperature (better activity of the fungus at 21 than at 28 degrees C) and on duration (larval reductions lower after 4 days than after 7, 10 and 14 days of coproculture). Teladorsagia larvae were the least trapped, and Haemonchus larvae were the most trapped.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Comparative efficacy of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans against Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in goat faeces: influence of the duration and of the temperature of coproculture

et al. 2005

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“…Experimental studies on soil-transmitted helminths (e.g. Haemonchus contortus, Hetereakis gallinarum, Nematodirus battus, Ostertagia ostertagi, Trichostrongylus spp) have found that egg hatching and larval development were accelerated in warmer temperatures, but excessive high values had a negative effect on their survival (Crofton, 1948b;Ciordia & Bizzell, 1963;Thomas, 1974;Stromberg, 1997;Saunders et al, 2002;). Eggs exposed to stochastic fluctuations in temperature also developed faster when compared to constant or cyclic temperature regimes (Saunders et al, 2001(Saunders et al, , 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate changes influence free‐living stages of soil‐transmitted parasites of European rabbits

Hernandez

Poole

Cattadori

2013

Global Change Biology

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Climate warming has been suggested to augment the risk of infectious disease outbreaks by extending the seasonal window for parasite growth and by increasing the rate of transmission. Understanding how this occurs in parasite-host systems is important for appreciating long-term and seasonal changes in host exposure to infection and to reduce species extinction caused by diseases. We investigated how free-living stages of two soil-transmitted helminths of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) responded to experimental changes in temperature by performing laboratory experiments with environmental chambers and field manipulations using open-top-chambers. This study was motivated by our previous observations that air temperature has increased over the last 30 years in our field site and that during this period intensity of infection of Graphidium strigosum but not Trichostrongylus retortaeformis was positively associated with this temperature increase. Laboratory and field experiments showed that both parasites accelerated egg development and increased hatching rate and larval survival in response to accumulating thermal energy. Both parasites behaved similarly when exposed to diverse temperature regimes, decadal trends, and monthly fluctuations, however, T. retortaeformis was more successful than G. strigosum by showing higher rates of egg hatching and larval survival. Across the months, the first day of hatching occurred earlier in warmer conditions suggesting that climate warming can lengthen the period of parasite growth and host exposure to infective stages. Also, T. retortaeformis hatched earlier than G. strigosum. These findings showed that seasonal changes in intensity, frequency, and duration of daily temperature are important causes of variability in egg hatching and larva survival. Overall, this study emphasizes the important role of climate warming and seasonality on the dynamics of free-living stages in soil-transmitted helminths and their contribution to enhance host exposure to parasitic infections. Yet, the ability to infect might ultimately depend on how hosts interact with parasites.

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“…At temperatures around 20°C A. oligospora on corn meal agar show a radial mycelial growth rate of approximately 4 mm per day (GRONVOLD et al, 1985), and capturing loops may be induced on the mycelium within a couple of hours upon contact with nematodes (NANSEN etal., 1986). At the same temperature level C. oncophora develop to the infective third-stage in nine days (CIORDIA & BIZZELL, 1963). At the present temperatures in the cow pats the inoculation level of A. oligospora in the faeces obviously was sufficiently high to allow the fungus to grow through the cow pats, trapping many of the developing parasite larvae before these were around to be released to the surrounding herbage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Field experiments on the ability of Arthrobotrys oligospora (Hyphomycetales) to reduce the number of larvae of Cooperia oncophora (Trichostrongylidae) in cow pats and surrounding grass

Grønvold¹,

Wolstrup²,

Henriksen³

et al. 1987

J. Helminthol.

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In field experiments, conducted on parasite-free grass plots in two consecutive summers, artificially prepared cow pats containing Cooperia oncophora eggs were inoculated with the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora. Numbers of infective C. oncophora larvae isolated from the pats as well as from the surrounding herbage were subject to an approximately ten-fold reduction as compared with numbers in fungus-free pats and herbage surrounding these. This reduction was undoubtedly a result of entrapment of the parasite larvae within the faecal pats.

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The Effects of Various Constant Temperatures on the Development of the Free Living-Stages of Some Nematode Parasites of Cattle

Cited by 43 publications

References 8 publications

Comparative efficacy of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans against Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in goat faeces: influence of the duration and of the temperature of coproculture

Comparative efficacy of the nematode-trapping fungus Duddingtonia flagrans against Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in goat faeces: influence of the duration and of the temperature of coproculture

Climate changes influence free‐living stages of soil‐transmitted parasites of European rabbits

Field experiments on the ability of Arthrobotrys oligospora (Hyphomycetales) to reduce the number of larvae of Cooperia oncophora (Trichostrongylidae) in cow pats and surrounding grass

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