The Effects of Varying Goal Difficulty Operationalizations on Goal Setting Outcomes and Processes

Wright, Patrick M.; Hollenbeck, John R.; Wolf, S; McMahan, Gary C.

doi:10.1006/obhd.1995.1003

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Wright and his colleagues discovered that goal operationalization and goal level interacted to affect subjects' performance. In the Wright et al (1995) study and in the present study, subjects' perceptions of their goals were more important than the objective goal level. Regardless of the objective goal difficulty, the subjects' interpretation of its difficulty and the effects of personal goal levels were a key factor in motivation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

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The Effectiveness of Assigned Goals in Complex Financial Decision Making and the Importance of Gender

Endres

2006

Theor Decis

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Evidence suggests that men are more confident and less risk averse in financial decision making. Researchers did not address how men and women respond differently to goals in financial decision situations, however. In the present study, men set more challenging personal goals and risked more resources than women in a complex financial decision task. Men did not report higher self-efficacy versus women. As expected, gender interacted with assigned goals to predict self-efficacy, risk behavior, and personal goals. Results concur with recent financial decision research that suggests men and women differ in their use of externally-provided information such as assigned goals. Suggestions for future research are offered and limitations are discussed. Copyright Springer 2006assigned goals, gender, multicriteria decisions, risk, self-efficacy,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Assigned goals' limited effects on self-efficacy may be related to findings of Wright et al (1995). Wright and his colleagues discovered that goal operationalization and goal level interacted to affect subjects' performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The Effectiveness of Assigned Goals in Complex Financial Decision Making and the Importance of Gender

Endres

2006

Theor Decis

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“…The importance of setting goals to motivate higher levels of performance has been examined comprehensively in the goal-setting © The Authors Journal compilation © 2007 AFAANZ theory literature (e.g. Locke and Latham, 1990;Fatseas and Hirst, 1992;Wright et al ., 1995). In particular, goal-setting theory posits that a goal that is specific and difficult (but attainable) can motivate individuals to exert greater effort towards goal attainment and, therefore, achieving better performance.…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 However, research on goal-setting theory is mostly confined to a single-goal setting (e.g. Locke and Latham, 1990;Wright et al ., 1995). An implicit assumption in these studies is that these findings can also be generalized to a multiple-goal setting.…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of perceived conflict among multiple performance goals and goal difficulty on task performance

Cheng

Luckett

Mahama

2007

Accounting & Finance

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Contemporary performance measurement systems, such as the balanced scorecard, often advocate the use of an array of financial and non-financial measures. Despite many claimed advantages for these systems, recent research shows that the inclusion of multiple performance measures sometimes has undesirable effects. The present study examines one of the potential problems of implementing these systems; namely, the impact of perceived goal conflict on task performance. Using survey data from employees working in multiple call centres in a telecommunication company, we find that perceived goal difficulty increases perceived goal conflict. Additionally, perceived goal difficulty also has a negative, indirect effect of task performance, through the mediating role of perceived goal conflict. Our results have important implications for both the research literature and the designers of performance measurement systems. Copyright (c) The Authors Journal compilation (c) 2007 AFAANZ.

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“…By better understanding how goal levels differentially affect other variables, more effective goal-setting programs can be developed by industry. Wright, Hollenbeck, Wolf, and McMahan (1995) designed a study that used a partially ipsative condition. They had one group of individuals who were randomly assigned to one of three goal conditions (easy, moderate, difficult).…”

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confidence: 99%

An examination of individual differences in the relation of subjective goal difficulty to performance in a goal‐setting model

Martin¹,

Snell

Callahan

1999

Human Performance

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The Effects of Varying Goal Difficulty Operationalizations on Goal Setting Outcomes and Processes

Cited by 19 publications

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The Effectiveness of Assigned Goals in Complex Financial Decision Making and the Importance of Gender

The Effectiveness of Assigned Goals in Complex Financial Decision Making and the Importance of Gender

Effect of perceived conflict among multiple performance goals and goal difficulty on task performance

An examination of individual differences in the relation of subjective goal difficulty to performance in a goal‐setting model

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