The effects of Virtual Reality Training with Upper Limb Sensory Exercise Stimulation on the AROM of Upper Limb Joints, Function, and Concentration in Chronic Stroke Patients

Abstract

Objective We investigated the effect of upper limb sensory stimulation and virtual reality rehabilitation (SMVR) on upper extremity active joint angle, function and cognitive ability in chronic stroke patients. Methods A total of 30 patients were randomly divided into SMVR group and CON group. SMVR group was performed 60 min three times a week for 8 weeks in upper limb sensory stimulation and robot virtual reality rehabilitation. CON group performed conservative treatment and peripheral joint movement for 60 min. The upper limb function was measured by the Jebsen-Taylor hand function test (JTT) and the cognitive ability test was performed by the Stroop test (ST) and Trail making test (TMT). Results There was a significant difference (P<0.05) between before and after training in both groups, and SMVR group showed significant improvement in both groups. Conclusions In this study, we confirmed that robot virtual reality training in combination with limb motion stimulation for stroke patients positively affects the angle, function, and concentration of upper extremity active joints in chronic stroke patients.

Impact of Virtual Reality-Based Therapies on Cognition and Mental Health of Stroke Patients: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…Sample sizes ranged from 18 to 145, for a total of 894 patients with stroke. In total, 11 (47.8%) of the 23 trials were conducted in Korea [34,38,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], 3 (13%) in Portugal [51][52][53], 2 (8.7%) in Spain [54,55], 2 in China [36,37], 2 in Australia [56,57], and 1 (4.3%) each in Lithuania [58], Brazil [59] and Turkey [60].…”

“…Regarding the types of VR-based therapies, 16 (69.6%) trials administered VR as a singular session [36][37][38]44,45,[47][48][49]51,52,[54][55][56][57]59,60], 5 (21.7%) trials were categorized as having used VR-based therapies plus occupational therapy [43,46,50,53,58], and 2 trials as having used VR-based therapies plus computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation [34,42]. The frequency and duration of VR exposure varied considerably between trials.…”

Effects of Eye Movement with PNF Neck Movement on Trunk Stability and Standing Position Balance Ability of Chronic Stroke Patients

“…The oculogyration allowing the eye moving slowly is the movement of eyeball at the speed of less than 100 ° per second, which controls the moving speed and time of the eyeball through a feedback mechanism of the vestibular system and visual system [33]. Kim et al [34] reported that visual virtual reality exercise help improve concentration. Keller et al [18] reported that this oculogyration leads to a significant improvement in body orientation; they also suggested that the activation of the vestibular and visual systems occurs through the oculogyration of the subject, and that the balance ability in standing position is improved.…”

Effects of Mirror Therapy Combined with EMG-Triggered Functional Electrical Stimulation to Improve on Standing Balance and Gait Ability in Patient with Chronic Stroke

“…Methods used to improve balance and gait of stroke patients include training using functional electrical stimulation [ 8 ], dual task exercise [ 9 ], therapeutic approach through collaborative action of Brunstrom [ 10 ], virtual environment rehabilitation [ 11 ], mirror therapy [ 12 ], and so on. Among them, mirror therapy is one of treatments for patients with brain lesions based on the theory of neuroplasticity in the brain.…”