The Effects of Vitamin B12 and Thyroprotein on Egg Production, Egg Weight, Shell Quality and Hatchability

Savage, J. E.; Turner, C. W.; Kempster, H. L.; Hogan, A. G.

doi:10.3382/ps.0310022

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A similar result occurs in the report of Savage et al (1952), who fed thyroprotein in conjunction with a ration containing 10% fish meal and 5% dried skim milk. The animal protein caused a considerable increase in hatchability over an all vegetable ration supplemented with potassium iodide.…”

Section: A Marsden R C Jennings and R S Martin Lane End Farm supporting

confidence: 86%

Inorganic Iodine is not the Factor in Fish Meal which Depresses Hatchability

Marsden

Jennings

Martin

1957

World's Poultry Science Journal

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It is standard practice in Great Britain for the rations of breeding hens to be supplemented with animal protein, the chief source of which is white fish meal. Since this substance has been incorporated in rations for many years it was rather surprising when Black (1953) and Black et al. (1954) reported that fish meal depresses the hatchability of fertile eggs. This result has, however, been confirmed by Shaw (1955) and Coles (1956), and has been repeated on several occasions at Reading.Black et al., opened all eggs which failed to hatch and found the decrease in hatchability to be accounted for by increased embryo mortality during the last 3 days of incubation. Coles agrees with this, reporting a higher mortality peak on the nineteenth day. By feeding eleven per cent fish meal to breeding hens, Black et al. were able to show a reduction in the vitamin A, riboflavin and pigment contents of the eggs irrespective of whether the birds had access to grass range or dried yeast and cod liver oil. This result in terms of vitamin A was repeated by Coles who noted also that the vitamin B,, content of his fish meal ration decreased over a 16 week period. Ten per cent fish meal did not appear to cause a reduction in the riboflavin content of the ration.Black et a]. reported that full term dead in shell chicks produced from the fish meal ration showed a higher incidence of pale livers and urates on the pericardium. Otherwise the chicks appeared normal. Coles does not comment on the condition of the chicks but reports higher mortality during the first six weeks among chicks which hatch from the fish meaI ration. He concludes that this is probably due to bacterial infection of the yolk sac by faecal type coliforms and enterococci.Since 1953, work done a t Reading (to be reported elsewhere) suggests that neither simple deficiencies of the more common vitamins nor oxidation of fat soluble vitamins is the cause of the depression.

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Section: A Marsden R C Jennings and R S Martin Lane End Farm supporting

confidence: 86%

Inorganic Iodine is not the Factor in Fish Meal which Depresses Hatchability

Marsden

Jennings

Martin

1957

World's Poultry Science Journal

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“…Lillie, Olsen and Bird (1949) first demonstrated with the pure crystalline vitamin that vitamin B12 is essential for hatchability. The findings of these experimenters were confirmed by Carver and McGinnis (1950a, b); Olcese, Couch and Lyman (1950); and many others Couch et al, 1950;Hill et al, 1950;Milligan and Combs, 1950;Petersen et al, 1950Petersen et al, , 1952Petersen et al, a, b, 1953Peeler et al, 1951;Skinner et al, 1951;Savage et al, 1952;Yacowitz et al, 1952;and Mariakulandai and McGinnis, 1953). The findings of these experimenters were confirmed by Carver and McGinnis (1950a, b); Olcese, Couch and Lyman (1950); and many others Couch et al, 1950;Hill et al, 1950;Milligan and Combs, 1950;Petersen et al, 1950Petersen et al, , 1952Petersen et al, a, b, 1953Peeler et al, 1951;Skinner et al, 1951;Savage et al, 1952;Yacowitz et al, 1952;and Mariakulandai and McGinnis, 1953).…”

mentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Skinner et al (1951) fed an allvegetable diet to laying chickens in batteries and observed an increase in egg production when an "APF" supplement was added to the diet. On the other hand, Peeler et al (1951) and Savage et al (1952) obtained no increase in egg production when vitamin B12 was added to all-vegetable diets of hens in batteries. On the other hand, Peeler et al (1951) and Savage et al (1952) obtained no increase in egg production when vitamin B12 was added to all-vegetable diets of hens in batteries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

The Effect of Adding Methionine and Vitamin B12, Singly and Together, to a Corn-Soybean Diet for Laying Chickens

1954

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“…The necessity of this vitamin for hatchability has been shown by Lillie et al (1949), Lindstrom et al (1949), Olcese et al (1950), , and Carver and McGinnis (1950). An indication that vitamin B 12 is required for egg production and egg weight was presented by Holmes and Kramer (1965), Griffith and Schexnailder (1972) and Savage et al (1952). Berg et al (1952) found that increasing the protein content of the diet from 11 to 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The Effect of Levels of Protein and Vitamin B12 in Hen Diets on Egg Production and Hatchability of Eggs and on Livability and Growth of Chicks

Patel

McGinnis

1977

Poultry Science

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The effects of feeding different levels of protein and vitamin B ]2 on egg production and hatchability of eggs of Single Comb White Leghorn hens were studied. Diets containing 16 and 32% corn-soybean meal protein with and without 10 |xg. of vitamin B 12 per kg. of diet were employed. Egg production and fertility of eggs were not significantly affected by protein level or vitamin B T2 supplement. However, increasing protein level in the hen diets resulted in a significant decrease in hatchability. Vitamin B, 2 supplementation of both diets significantly improved hatchability of eggs. However, the supplementary vitamin B , 2 was not adequate to support desirable hatchability when the diet contained 32% protein.The high level of protein, and the addition of vitamin B l2 to the 16% protein diet significantly increased egg weight.Chicks hatched from eggs produced by hens fed the different experimental diets were used to study the effect of breeder diets on chick growth and livability. A deficiency of vitamin B , 2 in the breeder had a detrimental effect on chick growth and livability. Increasing the protein level of the chick diet from 22 to 32% resulted in a further decrease in growth when the chicks were derived from vitamin B, 2 deficient hens. A high level of protein in the breeder diet also depressed chick growth. This growth depression was not counteracted by a dietary supplement of 500 p.g. of vitamin B, 2 /kg., by an oral dose of 50 |xg. of vitamin B 12 /chick at hatching, or by an injection of 1 or 10 jj,g. of vitamin B, 2 / bird at hatching. Vitamin B 12 supplied through the hen diet was more effective than supplementation of chick diet in stimulating early chick growth. Mortality was higher in chicks hatched from hens fed the 16% protein diet than in those from hens fed 32% protein. This was the reverse of embryo mortality during incubation.

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The Effects of Vitamin B12 and Thyroprotein on Egg Production, Egg Weight, Shell Quality and Hatchability

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Inorganic Iodine is not the Factor in Fish Meal which Depresses Hatchability

Inorganic Iodine is not the Factor in Fish Meal which Depresses Hatchability

The Effect of Adding Methionine and Vitamin B12, Singly and Together, to a Corn-Soybean Diet for Laying Chickens

The Effect of Levels of Protein and Vitamin B12 in Hen Diets on Egg Production and Hatchability of Eggs and on Livability and Growth of Chicks

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