The effects of vitamin C on hypothyroidism-associated learning and memory impairment in juvenile rats

Beheshti, Farimah; Karimi, Sareh; Vafaee, Farzaneh; Shafei, Mohammad Naser; Sadeghnia, Hamid Reza; Hadjzadeh, Mosa Al Reza; Hosseini, Mahmoud

doi:10.1007/s11011-017-9954-y

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The current ndings revealed that hypothyroidism during juvenile growth in rats result in cognitive perturbation which was re ected in animal's performance in both MWM and PA tests. In support of the current data, our previous works showed that hypothyroidism was associated with impaired learning and memory of the rats (11,36,45). In the present study, the results of the MWM test declared that the time spent and distance traveled to nd the platform in the hypothyroid rats was higher than the the control group ones which a rms learning impairment due to hypothyroidism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Treatment by Vitamin D Reversed the Adverse Effects of Hypothyroidism on Learning and Memory in Juvenile Rats: Protection Against Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Brain Tissue Oxidative Damage.

Rastegar-Moghaddam

Alipour

Rajabian

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Apart from a role as a key regulator of calcium/phosphate homeostasis, vitamin D (Vit D) is suggested to be a potential player in nervous system growth and function. This study aimed to assess the impacts of Vit D administration against memory impairment, oxidative damage and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) overactivity caused by hypothyroidism in juvenile rats. The animals were randomly grouped as: 1) Control; 2) Hypothyroid; 3) Hypothyroid-Vit D 100 and 4) Hypothyroid-Vit D 500. Propylthiouracil (PTU) was added to their drinking water (0.05%) for 6 weeks and Vit D (100 or 500 IU/kg) treatment was daily performed by gavage. Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tests were performed. The brains were removed under deep anesthesia, then the hippocampal and cortical tissues were separated to assess biochemical parameters. Hypothyroidism was significantly associated with learning and memory impairment in MWM and PA tests. Hypothyroidism also elevated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, while it reduced thiol content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the brain. Treatment with Vit D recovered hypothyroidism-induced cognitive impairment and improved memory performance in MWM and PA tasks. On the other hand, Vit D alleviated AChE activity and MDA level, whereas increased SOD activity and thiol content in the hippocampal and cortical tissues. In conclusion, these outcomes suggest that oral consumption of Vit D may play a protective role against memory dysfunction caused by hypothyroidism by inhibiting AChE activity and oxidative stress in the brain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Treatment by Vitamin D Reversed the Adverse Effects of Hypothyroidism on Learning and Memory in Juvenile Rats: Protection Against Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Brain Tissue Oxidative Damage.

Rastegar-Moghaddam

Alipour

Rajabian

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Thymoquinone has been reported to possess antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties 28 . The antioxidant effects of TQ have been shown in vivo and in vitro 29 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The administration of PTU during juvenile and growth periods has been reported to have a noticeable effect on thyroid gland growth and reduction of serum T4 concentration in rats 29,32 . In line with these findings, in the current study, the administration of PTU significantly decreased the serum T4 level in the Hypo group compared to the control group.…”

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confidence: 99%

Thymoquinone reverses learning and memory impairments and brain tissue oxidative damage in hypothyroid juvenile rats

Baghcheghi

Hosseini

Beheshti

et al. 2018

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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In this study, the effect of thymoquinone (TQ) on propylthiouracil (PTU)-induced memory impairment was investigated in juvenile rats. The rats were grouped into control, Hypo, Hypo-TQ5 and Hypo-TQ10. Propylthiouracil increased latency time in the Morris water maze test and decreased delay in entering the dark compartment in the passive avoidance test. Both 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg doses of TQ decreased latency time in the Morris water maze test and increased delay in entering the dark compartment in a passive avoidance test. The PTU also increased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide metabolites in the brain while reduced the thiol content and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and serum T4 level. Both doses of TQ decreased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide metabolites in the brain while enhanced the thiol content and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and serum T4 level. The results of the present study showed that TQ protected against PTU-induced memory impairments in rats.Keywords: hypothyroidism; propylthiouracil; memory RESUMO Neste estudo, foi investigado o efeito da timoquinona (TQ) contra deficiências de memória induzidas por propiltiouracilo (PTU) em ratos juvenis. Os ratos foram agrupados em grupos: controle, Hypo, Hypo-TQ5, e Hypo-TQ10. O PTU aumentou o tempo de latência no teste do labirinto aquático de Morris (MWM) e diminuiu o atraso para entrar no compartimento escuro no teste de evasão passiva (PA). Ambas as doses de TQ diminuíram o tempo de latência no teste de MWM e aumentaram o atraso para entrar no compartimento escuro no teste de PA. O PTU também aumentou os metabolitos de malondialdeído (MDA) e óxido nítrico (NO) no cérebro, enquanto reduziu o teor de tiol e as atividades de superóxido dismutasa (SOD) e catalasa (CAT) e o nível sérico de T4. Ambas as doses de TQ diminuíram os metabolitos de MDA e de NO no cérebro, aumentaram o conteúdo de tiol e as atividades de SOD e CAT e o nível de T4 no soro. Os resultados do presente estudo mostraram que a TQ protegeu contra deficiências de memória induzidas por PTU em ratos.

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“…It is generally accepted that vitamin C can potentiate learning and memory processes and prevent memory deficits in various experimental conditions (Babri et al, 2015;Beheshti et al, 2017;Parle and Dhingra, 2003). Besides, the protective effects of vitamin C against RFW in different organs (Akbari et al, 2014;Jelodar et al, 2013Jelodar et al, , 2014 and PAL have already been reported (Jelodar et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Both vitamin C and vitamin E have neuroprotective properties and are important redox homeostatic factors in the central nervous system (Hansen et al, 2014;Monteiro et al, 2005). The vital importance of vitamin C in the brain, and its protective and beneficial effects on learning and memory, has been reported in various experimental conditions (Beheshti et al, 2017;Jetti et al, 2016). Moreover, the administration of vitamin E has been reported to prevent memory impairment caused by sleep deprivation and oxidative stress (Aiguo et al, 2010;Alzoubi et al, 2012;Mecocci et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The protective effect of vitamin supplementation (E and E + C) on passive avoidance learning and memory during exposure to 900 MHz RFW emitted from BTS

Azimzadeh

Jelodar

2020

Toxicol Ind Health

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Deleterious effects of exposure to electromagnetic radiation on public health have been widely studied. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of vitamin supplementation (E or E + C) on passive avoidance learning (PAL) and memory in rats subjected to 900 MHz radiofrequency waves (RFW). Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (190 ± 20 g) were randomly divided into six groups as: control I (vehicle), control II (vitamin E 250 mg/kg), control III (vitamin E 100 mg/kg + l-ascorbic acid 200 mg/kg), and three exposed groups to RFW as: sham-exposed, treatment I (vitamin E), and treatment II (vitamin E + C). The duration of exposure was 30 continuous days (4 h/day). The PAL was evaluated on the last day by the shuttle box. Learning and memory of animals demonstrated as the duration of remaining within the light area, which is called the light time (LT). The sham-exposed group showed a significant decrease in LT on the learning, consolidation, and retention days compared to other groups ( p < 0.05). Pretreatment with vitamins (E and E + C) could protect PAL against adverse effects of RFW, and the administration of vitamin E + C improved PAL performance in control III compared to control I and treatment II groups ( p < 0.05). Administration of vitamin E + C to exposed group (treatment II) caused a significant increase in LT on the learning ( p = 0.013), consolidation, and retention ( p = 0.009) sessions compared to the treatment group I (vitamin E). Long-term exposure to 900 MHz RFW impaired PAL and memory, and pretreatment of vitamin (E or E + C) prevented these effects, which may be a new potential mechanism against side effects of RFW.

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The effects of vitamin C on hypothyroidism-associated learning and memory impairment in juvenile rats

Cited by 38 publications

References 69 publications

Treatment by Vitamin D Reversed the Adverse Effects of Hypothyroidism on Learning and Memory in Juvenile Rats: Protection Against Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Brain Tissue Oxidative Damage.

Treatment by Vitamin D Reversed the Adverse Effects of Hypothyroidism on Learning and Memory in Juvenile Rats: Protection Against Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Brain Tissue Oxidative Damage.

Thymoquinone reverses learning and memory impairments and brain tissue oxidative damage in hypothyroid juvenile rats

The protective effect of vitamin supplementation (E and E + C) on passive avoidance learning and memory during exposure to 900 MHz RFW emitted from BTS

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