The effects of weaning age, diet composition, and categorisation of creep feed intake by piglets on diarrhoea and performance after weaning

Callesen, J.; Halas, D.; Thorup, F.; Knudsen, Knud Erik Bach; Kim, Jae-Cheol; Mullan, B.P.; Hampson, David J.; Wilson, Robert H.; Pluske, J.R.

doi:10.1016/j.livsci.2007.01.014

Cited by 56 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Nevertheless, some workers have not been able to establish such relationships, suggesting that PWD after weaning is not always necessarily associated with an E. coli infection. Work by Callesen et al (2007), for example, showed no correlation between the number of antibiotic treatments given for diarrhea and the degree of fecal shedding of E. coli by the same pigs. Adhesion of ETEC to receptors in the epithelium causes fluid and electrolyte secretion into the GIT and, coupled to a lack of ability to reabsorb the fluid and electrolytes (Nabuurs, 1998), could cause an osmotically active protein load entering the large intestine to exacerbate the extent of PWD observed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding a diet with decreased protein content reduces indices of protein fermentation and the incidence of postweaning diarrhea in weaned pigs challenged with an enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli1

Heo

Kim

Hansen

et al. 2009

Journal of Animal Science

142

121

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This study evaluated the effect of feeding low protein (LP) diets for 7 or 14 d after weaning or a high protein (HP) diet for 14 d after weaning on postweaning diarrhea (PWD), indices of protein fermentation, and production in pigs infected or not infected per os with an enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli. A total of 72 female pigs weaned at aged 21 d with initial BW of 5.9 ± 0.12 kg were used in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The factors were 3 feeding regimens associated with different combinations of feeding duration and diet CP level: (i) HP diet (256 g of CP/kg) fed for 14 d after weaning, (ii) LP diet (175 g of CP/kg) fed for 7 d after weaning, and (iii) LP diet fed for 14 d after weaning; and infection or noninfection with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli (10 7 cfu/ mL, serotype O149:K91:K88) at 72, 96, and 120 h after weaning. The LP diets were fortified with crystalline Ile and Val to achieve an ideal AA pattern. A second-stage diet (213 g of CP/kg) was fed to pigs at the conclusion of each feeding regimen, and the study finished 4 wk after weaning. None of the diets contained antimicrobials. Feeding the LP diets decreased (P < 0.001) plasma urea nitrogen, fecal ammonia nitrogen concentrations, and the incidence of PWD, but increased (P = 0.001) fecal DM content compared with pigs fed HP in the 2-wk period after weaning. Infection increased shedding of β-hemolytic E. coli (P < 0.001), the incidence of PWD (P < 0.001), and fecal ammonia nitrogen concentrations (P < 0.01), but did not interact with feeding regimen, after weaning. Pigs challenged with E. coli grew more slowly (P < 0.001) and had decreased G:F (P < 0.01) compared with nonchallenged pigs in the 4-wk period after weaning. Feeding an LP diet for 7 or 14 d after weaning markedly reduced the incidence of PWD after infection with β-hemolytic E. coli. Infection was associated with decreased indices of protein fermentation in the distal gastrointestinal tract but did not compromise the growth of weaner pigs in the 4-wk period after weaning.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding a diet with decreased protein content reduces indices of protein fermentation and the incidence of postweaning diarrhea in weaned pigs challenged with an enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli1

Heo

Kim

Hansen

et al. 2009

Journal of Animal Science

142

121

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“…This is contrary to the assumption of previous studies, in which increased feeding space and accessibility were thought to encourage more piglets to imitate others at the feeder and stimulate initial intake of creep feed. 9,[17][18][19] The smaller number of eaters in this study suggests that less creep feed was available in these feeders for piglets to consume in appreciable amounts. Moreover, the rate of feed wastage due to physical activity of piglets in the feeder may be greater than their rate of consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The higher creep-feed disappearance with the pan feeder also confirmed results of other studies in which increased access to creep feed was provided. 18,19 The pan feeder in this study was designed to provide more feeding spaces than the rotary feeder, but it was observed that piglets more often approached and consumed creep feed with their bodies parallel to the feeder rather than eating side by side.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,13,15 Recently, a number of creep-feeding studies evaluating individual piglets have consistently shown that "eaters" (ie, piglets that positively consumed creep feed) have significantly higher postweaning feed intake and better growth performance than non-eaters of creep feed or non-creep-fed pigs. 6,11,[16][17][18][19][20] If creepfeeding behavior can be encouraged and more eaters can be created within a litter, nursery performance can be improved. It is therefore important to determine dietary and nondietary factors that can stimulate individual piglets to consume creep feed prior to weaning.…”

Section: Matériels Et Méthodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of creep feeder design and feed accessibility on preweaning pig performance and the proportion of pigs consuming creep feed

Sulabo¹,

Tokach²,

DeRouchey³

et al. 2010

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

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SummaryObjective: To determine the effects of creep feeder design and feed accessibility on preweaning performance and the proportion of eaters of creep feed. Materials and methods:A total of 54 sows and their litters were assigned to three treatments: rotary feeder with hopper, rotary feeder without hopper, and pan feeder. A creep diet with 1.0% chromic oxide was offered ad libitum from Day 18 until weaning (Day 21). Fecal samples were collected from piglets with sterile swabs 3 to 12 hours before weaning. Piglets were categorized as "eaters" when either of the two fecal samples was colored green; otherwise, they were categorized as "non-eaters." Pigs were weighed Days 0 (birth), 18, and 21, and litter creep-feed disappearance was determined daily.Results: There were no differences (P > .05) in preweaning gains and weaning weights of pigs and litters using the different types of creep feeder. Litters provided creep feed using the rotary feeder with the hopper had 2.7 times lower total creep-feed disappearance than litters using the rotary feeder without the hopper and the pan feeder (P < .001). However, the rotary feeder with the hopper produced the highest proportion of pigs consuming creep feed within the litter (80%; P < .001). Implications:The proper choice of creep feeder is essential to manage creep feeding and to maximize the number of eaters in the litter. A creep feeder with a hopper may create more eaters with less feed wastage. Resumen -Efectos del diseño del comedero de lechones en lactancia y el acceso al alimento en el desempeño de estos cerdos y la proporción que consumen alimento Objetivo: Determinar los efectos del diseño del comedero de lechones en lactancia y el acceso al alimento en el desempeño de estos cerdos y la proporción de animales que consumieron alimento.

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“…Weaning pigs at 7 or 14 d of age rather than at 28 d of age markedly increases abnormal behavior including belly nosing and chewing on penmates (Worobec et al 1999), which may lead to reduced growth performance. It is, therefore, not surprising that improvements in growth performance of weanling pigs has been reported as weaning age was increased (Bonnette et al 1990;Fangman et al 1996a;Dunshea et al 2002;Main et al 2004;Callesen et al 2007), although there also are reports of no differences in performance between early-and late-weaned pigs (Shields et al 1980;Geary and Brooks 1998) or of greater performance for early-weaned pigs than for lateweaned pigs (Hohenshell et al 2000). However, in most of these experiments, the effects of weaning age on growth performance of weanling pigs were determined in diets containing AGP.…”

Section: Weaning Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Board Invited Review: Management and feeding strategies to ameliorate the impact of removing antibiotic growth promoters from diets fed to weanling pigs

Kil¹,

Stein²

2010

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2010. Board Invited Review: Management and feeding strategies to ameliorate the impact of removing antibiotic growth promoters from diets fed to weanling pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 90: 447Á460. A review of the literature was conducted with the objective of identifying management and feeding strategies for weanling pigs that are effective in reducing the negative impacts of discontinued use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in diets fed to weanling pigs. If no AGP are used, dietary crude protein concentrations should be reduced to less than 18% in diets fed to pigs during the immediate post-weaning period. Diets should be fed in a liquid form if possible, preferably as fermented liquid feed. Feed intake should be restricted to 75% of ad libitum intake during the initial 2 wk post-weaning to reduce the amount of substrates available to pathogens in the hind gut. The profit from pig production will be maximized if pigs are weaned between 21 and 28 d of age. All-in all-out production should be practiced and pigs should always be weaned into an empty, clean, and disinfected room, preferably at a location separated from the sow farm. Disease pressure and mortality do not necessarily have to increase if no AGP are used, but profits will likely be reduced because costs of preventing diseases in pigs fed diets containing no AGP often are greater than the cost of AGP.

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The effects of weaning age, diet composition, and categorisation of creep feed intake by piglets on diarrhoea and performance after weaning

Cited by 56 publications

References 8 publications

Feeding a diet with decreased protein content reduces indices of protein fermentation and the incidence of postweaning diarrhea in weaned pigs challenged with an enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli1

Feeding a diet with decreased protein content reduces indices of protein fermentation and the incidence of postweaning diarrhea in weaned pigs challenged with an enterotoxigenic strain of Escherichia coli1

Effects of creep feeder design and feed accessibility on preweaning pig performance and the proportion of pigs consuming creep feed

Board Invited Review: Management and feeding strategies to ameliorate the impact of removing antibiotic growth promoters from diets fed to weanling pigs

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