The Effects of X‐rays, 2‐mev Electrons, Thermal Neutrons, and Fast Neutrons on Dormant Seeds of Barley

Caldecott, Richard S.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1955.tb45967.x

Cited by 41 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The number of satellited chromosomes in 2x, 4x and 6x wheats used in the present investigation are 4, 4 and 6 respectively. Reciprocal translocations among nonhomologous chromosomes have been reported by many authors in wheat and barley (review by BURNHAM, 1956, KATAYAMA, 1935SMITH, 1936SMITH, , 1939THOMPSON and THOMPSON, 1937;KIHARA, 1942;MATSUMURA, 1946 ;YAMASHITA, 1947YAMASHITA, , 1951CALDECOTT, 1955;BURNHAM andHAGBERG, 1956 andNATARAJAN, 1958). It was further seen that the number of uncondensed chromosomes were not always in pairs and that their number varied from 1 to 4 in a cell.…”

Section: A Cytological Changes Induced By Radiationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Polyploidy and radiosensitivity in wheat and barley

Bhaskaran

Swaminathan

1962

Genetica

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Section: A Cytological Changes Induced By Radiationsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Polyploidy and radiosensitivity in wheat and barley

Bhaskaran

Swaminathan

1962

Genetica

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“…On Earth, radiation is a less influential factor for crop growth since the Earth's thick atmosphere and its strong magnetic field protects crops against high doses and UV-radiation (Jakosky & Phillips, 2001;Nicholson et al,2005). Nevertheless, crops generally possess a high degree of resistance to single, short-term high IoR doses which are not present under natural circumstances; in the case of barley (Hordeum vulgare) seeds, a dose of X-rays of 500 Gy was lethal (Caldecott, 1955). Curiosity measurements on Mars showed a dose of 233 ± 12 μGy/d (Matthiä et al, 2017), which is magnitudes lower than the experiment by Caldecott. Other experiments have shown that a single exposure to 500 Gy of γ-photons still resulted in 20% seedling survival by different Poaceae species (Kianian et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Martian Radiation-like Conditions on the Growth of Secale cereale and Lepidium sativum

Tack

Wamelink

Denkova

et al. 2021

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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The Martian surface is constantly exposed to a high dose of cosmic radiation consisting of highly energetic particles and multiple types of ionizing radiation. The dose can increase temporarily by a factor of 50 through the occurrence of highly energetic solar flares. This may affect crop growth in greenhouses on the Martian surface possibly making settlement of humans more complicated. Shielding crops from radiation might be done at the expense of lighting efficiency. However, the most energy-efficient cultivation may be achieved through the use of natural daylight with the addition of LED lights. The goal of our research was to investigate whether Martian radiation, both the constant and the solar flares events, affects plant growth of two crop species, rye and garden cress. The levels of radiation received on the surface of Mars, simulated with an equivalent dose of 60Co γ-photons, had a significant negative effect on the growth of the two crop species. Although germination percentages were not affected by radiation, biomass growth was significantly decreased by 32% for cress and 48% for rye during the first 4 weeks after germination. Part of the biomass differences may be due to differences in temperature between radiation and control treatment, however it cannot explain the whole difference between the treatment and control. Coloring of leaves, necrosis and brown parts, was observed as well. Temporary increases in ionizing radiation dose at different development stages of the plants did not significantly influence the final dry weight of the crops.

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“…Radiation breeding induce plant mutation; by X-ray, γ-ray, ion beam, laser beam, neutron and electron beam, which result in gene mutation and chromosome aberration, and then gain new variety (Chen, 2002). Calaldecatt (1955) firstly treated barleys using 2 MeV electrons beam and showed that electron radiation induced high mutation rate and wide mutation spectrum. Most of research reports of electron beam radiation breeding were published in China; the earliest is in the 1980s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of electron beam radiation on trait mutation in azuki bean (Vigna angularisi)

Luo¹

2012

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Dry seeds of azuki bean (Vigna angularisi), Jingnong 6 and Hebei 801 varieties were irradiated by electron beam of 100, 300, 600, 700 and 900 Gy, respectively. Mutations of leaf shape and color, seed size and shape, trailing, more branching, dwarfing, early or late flowering time and high yield were created in M 2 and M 3 generations. There were richest variations in Jinnong 6 treated with 600 Gy. Heibei 801 was more sensitive to electron beam radiation than Jingnong 6; more mutation types were produced at 100, 300 and 600 Gy. The pod number per plant, seed number and yield per plant of Jinnong 6 displayed a strikingly negative correlation to radiation dose, while the pod length, pod width, and 100-seeds weight of progenies from Hebei 801 had a significantly negative correlation with the radiation dose, but pod number per plants showed significantly positive correlation. Few of the normal phenotype plant in M 2 generation derived mutants of new leaf yellowing, narrow leaf, clustering flower and leaf, kidney or sword leaf in M 3 generation. Mutants of kidney and sword leaf, early flowering time from M 2 generation could be stably inherited in M 3 generation.

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The Effects of X‐rays, 2‐mev Electrons, Thermal Neutrons, and Fast Neutrons on Dormant Seeds of Barley

Cited by 41 publications

References 14 publications

Polyploidy and radiosensitivity in wheat and barley

Polyploidy and radiosensitivity in wheat and barley

Influence of Martian Radiation-like Conditions on the Growth of Secale cereale and Lepidium sativum

Effects of electron beam radiation on trait mutation in azuki bean (Vigna angularisi)

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