Abstract:Zolpidem, an imidazopyridine drug that affects the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor, is typically used as a hypnotic sedative. It has been reported that this drug improves motor symptoms in patients with various movement disorders, including Parkinson disease. We presented a patient with advanced Parkinson disease who demonstrated improved akinesia after taking zolpidem without sleep induction or consciousness changes.
“…Zolpidem exhibits this effect by reducing oxidative stress, increasing the activity of the endogenous antioxidant system, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and preventing apoptosis in renal cells [12]. An interesting case report has demonstrated improved akinesia after taking zolpidem without sleep induction or consciousness changes [13]. There are many zolpidem binding receptors in the globus pallidus interna, substantia nigra pars reticulata and subthalamic nucleus and zolpidem's antioxidant and neuroprotective effects might prevent oxidative damage to the brain and consequently certain abnormal movement disorders [13].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An interesting case report has demonstrated improved akinesia after taking zolpidem without sleep induction or consciousness changes [13]. There are many zolpidem binding receptors in the globus pallidus interna, substantia nigra pars reticulata and subthalamic nucleus and zolpidem's antioxidant and neuroprotective effects might prevent oxidative damage to the brain and consequently certain abnormal movement disorders [13]. Scheme 1Zolpidem ( 1 ), melatonin ( 2 ) and Trolox ( 3 ).…”
Zolpidem (
N
,
N
-Dimethyl-2-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)imidazo[1,2-
a
]pyridin-3-yl]acetamide) is a well-known drug for the treatment of sleeping disorders. Recent literature reports on positive effects of zolpidem therapy on improving renal damage after cisplatin and on reducing akinesia without sleep induction. This has been ascribed to the antioxidant and neuroprotective capacity of this molecule, and tentatively explained according to a generic structural similarity between zolpidem and melatonin. In this work, we investigate
in silico
the antioxidant potential of zolpidem as scavenger of five ROSs, acting via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism; computational methodologies based on density functional theory are employed. For completeness, the analysis is extended to six metabolites. Thermodynamic and kinetic results disclose that indeed zolpidem is an efficient radical scavenger, similarly to melatonin and Trolox, supporting the biomedical evidence that the antioxidant potential of zolpidem therapy may have a beneficial effect against oxidative injury, which is emerging as an important etiopathogenesis in numerous severe diseases, including psychiatric disorders.
“…Zolpidem exhibits this effect by reducing oxidative stress, increasing the activity of the endogenous antioxidant system, including superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase and preventing apoptosis in renal cells [12]. An interesting case report has demonstrated improved akinesia after taking zolpidem without sleep induction or consciousness changes [13]. There are many zolpidem binding receptors in the globus pallidus interna, substantia nigra pars reticulata and subthalamic nucleus and zolpidem's antioxidant and neuroprotective effects might prevent oxidative damage to the brain and consequently certain abnormal movement disorders [13].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An interesting case report has demonstrated improved akinesia after taking zolpidem without sleep induction or consciousness changes [13]. There are many zolpidem binding receptors in the globus pallidus interna, substantia nigra pars reticulata and subthalamic nucleus and zolpidem's antioxidant and neuroprotective effects might prevent oxidative damage to the brain and consequently certain abnormal movement disorders [13]. Scheme 1Zolpidem ( 1 ), melatonin ( 2 ) and Trolox ( 3 ).…”
Zolpidem (
N
,
N
-Dimethyl-2-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)imidazo[1,2-
a
]pyridin-3-yl]acetamide) is a well-known drug for the treatment of sleeping disorders. Recent literature reports on positive effects of zolpidem therapy on improving renal damage after cisplatin and on reducing akinesia without sleep induction. This has been ascribed to the antioxidant and neuroprotective capacity of this molecule, and tentatively explained according to a generic structural similarity between zolpidem and melatonin. In this work, we investigate
in silico
the antioxidant potential of zolpidem as scavenger of five ROSs, acting via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism; computational methodologies based on density functional theory are employed. For completeness, the analysis is extended to six metabolites. Thermodynamic and kinetic results disclose that indeed zolpidem is an efficient radical scavenger, similarly to melatonin and Trolox, supporting the biomedical evidence that the antioxidant potential of zolpidem therapy may have a beneficial effect against oxidative injury, which is emerging as an important etiopathogenesis in numerous severe diseases, including psychiatric disorders.
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